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Croup (/ k r uː p / KROOP), also known as croupy cough, is a type of respiratory infection that is usually caused by a virus. [2] The infection leads to swelling inside the trachea, which interferes with normal breathing and produces the classic symptoms of "barking/brassy" cough, inspiratory stridor and a hoarse voice. [2]
With appropriate treatment, the risk of death among children with the condition is about one percent and among adults is seven percent. [3] Elsewhere, it has been reported that only one percent of adults diagnosed with epiglottitis die from the disease. [11] Some people may develop pneumonia, lymphadenopathy, or septic arthritis. [30]
[4] [12] [14] Appropriate IAP in GBS colonized women should start as soon as possible once labour starts or the waters have broken. When the first dose is given at least 4 hours before delivery, the risk of neonatal infection is very small; moreover, when given between 2–4 hours before delivery the risk is only partially reduced.
Diphtheria currently occurs most often in sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Indonesia. [1] [6] In 2015, it resulted in 2,100 deaths, down from 8,000 deaths in 1990. [4] [7] In areas where it is still common, children are most affected. [1] It is rare in the developed world due to widespread vaccination, but can re-emerge if vaccination rates ...
Strep throat is most common in childhood but can affect people of all ages. It may present with throat pain, difficulty swallowing, painful and swollen tonsils, fever, headache, skin rash and flu. The diagnosis of strep throat is straight forward and the treatment requires a course of penicillin.
Transmission-based precautions are infection-control precautions in health care, in addition to the so-called "standard precautions". They are the latest routine infection prevention and control practices applied for patients who are known or suspected to be infected or colonized with infectious agents, including certain epidemiologically important pathogens, which require additional control ...
With treatment, most types of bacterial pneumonia will stabilize in 3–6 days. [2] It often takes a few weeks before most symptoms resolve. [2] X-ray findings typically clear within four weeks and mortality is low (less than 1%). [24] [139] In the elderly or people with other lung problems, recovery may take more than 12 weeks.
Treatments of the common cold primarily involve medications and other therapies for symptomatic relief. [13] Getting plenty of rest, drinking fluids to maintain hydration, and gargling with warm salt water are reasonable conservative measures. [56] Much of the benefit from symptomatic treatment is, however, attributed to the placebo effect. [57]