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Lymphedema, also known as lymphoedema and lymphatic edema, is a condition of localized swelling caused by a compromised lymphatic system. [2] The lymphatic system functions as a critical portion of the body's immune system and returns interstitial fluid to the bloodstream .
Obstruction of lymphatic tissue causes increased intravascular tissue protein; this will increase the production of fibroblasts and mast cells. [ 3 ] [ 6 ] Lymphatic obstruction due to any cause can increase the amount of proteins in the intravascular tissue, either by root osmotic pressure or because it absorbs a little liquid.
The pathophysiology is not yet well understood. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is proposed to be the underlying cause resulting in reactive lymphedema. [2] Prolonged standing with full knee extension and minimal movement for a prolonged period of time is postulated to induce a temporary failure in pumping the venous and lymphatic systems in the calf region leading to acute gravity-dependent ...
Lymphedema is a buildup of lymph in the interstitial space as a result of an obstruction in the lymphatic system, which can cause edema, inflammation, and fibrosis in the tissues. Lymphedema can be primary, when it occurs alone, or secondary, when it occurs as a result of another disease like filariasis or cancer.
Certain drugs (for example, amlodipine) can cause pedal edema. Cerebral edema is extracellular fluid accumulation in the brain. [1] It can occur in toxic or abnormal metabolic states and conditions such as systemic lupus or reduced oxygen at high altitudes. It causes drowsiness or loss of consciousness, leading to brain herniation and death.
The condition is commonly associated with vascular and cardiac changes associated with aging but can be caused by many other conditions, including congestive heart failure, kidney failure, liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, trauma, alcoholism, altitude sickness, pregnancy, hypertension, sickle cell anemia, a compromised lymphatic system or merely long periods of time sitting or standing ...