Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
In these cases shields made of high magnetic permeability metal alloys can be used, such as sheets of permalloy and mu-metal [9] [10] or with nanocrystalline grain structure ferromagnetic metal coatings. [11] These materials do not block the magnetic field, as with electric shielding, but rather draw the field into themselves, providing a path ...
Radio waves can be shielded against by a conductive metal sheet or screen, an enclosure of sheet or screen is called a Faraday cage. A metal screen shields against radio waves as well as a solid sheet as long as the holes in the screen are smaller than about 1 ⁄ 20 of wavelength of the waves. [25]
Radio propagation is the behavior of radio waves as they travel, or are propagated, from one point to another in vacuum, or into various parts of the atmosphere. [1]: 26‑1 As a form of electromagnetic radiation, like light waves, radio waves are affected by the phenomena of reflection, refraction, diffraction, absorption, polarization, and scattering. [2]
In radio-frequency engineering and communications engineering, a waveguide is a hollow metal pipe used to carry radio waves. [1] This type of waveguide is used as a transmission line mostly at microwave frequencies, for such purposes as connecting microwave transmitters and receivers to their antennas, in equipment such as microwave ovens, radar sets, satellite communications, and microwave ...
The copper cables (transmission lines) which are used to carry lower-frequency radio waves to antennas have excessive power losses at microwave frequencies, and metal pipes called waveguides are used to carry them. Although at the low end of the band the atmosphere is mainly transparent, at the upper end of the band absorption of microwaves by ...
However, at energies too low to excite water vapor, the atmosphere becomes transparent again, allowing free transmission of most microwave and radio waves. [51] Finally, at radio wavelengths longer than 10 m or so (about 30 MHz), the air in the lower atmosphere remains transparent to radio, but plasma in certain layers of the ionosphere begins ...
With Raytheon the U.S. Air Force has developed a nonlethal antipersonnel weapon system called Active Denial System (ADS) which emits a beam of millimeter radio waves with a wavelength of 3 mm (frequency of 95 GHz). [14] The weapon causes a person in the beam to feel an intense burning pain, as if their skin is going to catch fire.
This is the basis of radio technology. RF current does not penetrate deeply into electrical conductors but tends to flow along their surfaces; this is known as the skin effect. RF currents applied to the body often do not cause the painful sensation and muscular contraction of electric shock that lower frequency currents produce.