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To supply water to the Citadel, Saladin built an 85-metre-deep (280 ft) [19] well known as the Well of Joseph (or Bir Yusuf), so-called because Saladin's birth name, Yūsif, is the Arabic equivalent of Joseph. His chief eunuch and confidant, Qaraqush, who oversaw construction of the Citadel, was also responsible for digging the well.
'Zion Castle'), also known as the Castle of Saladin (Arabic: قلعة صلاح الدين, romanized: Qalʿat Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn), is a medieval castle in northwestern Syria. It is located 7 km east of Al-Haffah town and 30 km east of the city of Latakia , in high mountainous terrain on a ridge between two deep ravines and surrounded by forest ...
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One of the world's biggest mediaeval citadels, the Citadel of Cairo dates back to about 1176 A.D. when construction began under the Muslim military commander Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi, who later went ...
Like his predecessor Nur ad-Din, Saladin died of an illness in the citadel on 4 March 1193. He was initially buried inside the citadel, but later reburied in a mausoleum near the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus. [18] At Saladin's death in 1193, rival Ayyubid factions led by Saladin's sons established themselves in Egypt, Aleppo, Damascus, and Iraq.
It has been claimed that this was built by Baldwin I, who was the King of Jerusalem, in 1116 AD because the island was situated on a place of strategical importance: in the crossroads of trade and pilgrim routes from Egypt (Sinai) and Syro-Palestine to the Arab Peninsula with holy Mecca.
Other parts of the Citadel were repeatedly modified in later periods. In 1176, the construction of the Cairo Citadel began under Saladin's orders. [19]: 107 It was to become the center of government in Egypt until the 19th century, with expansions and renovations. [3] The Citadel was completed under sultan Al-Kamil (r. 1218–1238).
Citadel of Damascus, built (1076–1078) and (1203–1216) by Turkmen warlord Atsiz ibn Uvaq, and Al-Adil I. Nur al-Din Bimaristan, a large medieval bimaristan ("hospital"), built and named after the Zengid Sultan Nur ad-Din in 1154. Mausoleum of Saladin, built in 1196, the resting place and grave of the medieval Muslim Ayyubid Sultan Saladin.