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Sodium benzoate also known as benzoate of soda is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, widely used as a food preservative (with an E number of E211) and a pickling agent. It appears as a white crystalline chemical with the formula C 6 H 5 COONa.
Benzoic acid is cheap and readily available, so the laboratory synthesis of benzoic acid is mainly practiced for its pedagogical value. It is a common undergraduate preparation. Benzoic acid can be purified by recrystallization from water because of its high solubility in hot water and poor solubility in cold water. The avoidance of organic ...
Benzyl benzoate is produced industrially by the reaction of sodium benzoate with benzyl chloride in the presence of a base, or by transesterification of methyl benzoate and benzyl alcohol. [8] It is a byproduct of benzoic acid synthesis by toluene oxidation. [ 11 ]
Alternatively, sodium benzoate can be treated with benzoyl chloride. It can be produced by dehydrating benzoic acid by heating. [citation needed] Benzoic anhydride provides a convenient way to prepare benzoic esters: (C 6 H 5 CO) 2 O + ROH → C 6 H 5 CO 2 H + C 6 H 5 CO 2 R
The major cause of benzene in soft drinks is the decarboxylation of benzoic acid in the presence of ascorbic acid (vitamin C, E300) or erythorbic acid (a diastereomer of ascorbic acid, E315). Benzoic acid is often added to drinks as a preservative in the form of its salts sodium benzoate (E211), potassium benzoate (E 212), or calcium benzoate ...
It reacts with water to produce hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid: C 6 H 5 COCl + H 2 O → C 6 H 5 COOH + HCl. Benzoyl chloride is a typical acyl chloride. It reacts with alcohols to give the corresponding esters. Similarly, it reacts with amines to give the amide. [5] [6]
Unlike traditional cocktails made that use a spirit as a base, most nonalcoholic drinks are water-based or contain a high quantity of water through ingredients like fruit juices or teas.
Generally sodium is used as the alkali metal. Sodium-benzophenone ketyl is used in the purification of organic solvents, particularly ethers, because it reacts with water and oxygen to give non-volatile products. [16] [17] Adsorbents such as alumina, silica gel, and especially molecular sieves are superior and far safer. [18]