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Mangrove forests, also called mangrove swamps, mangrove thickets or mangals, are productive wetlands that occur in coastal intertidal zones. [1] [2] Mangrove forests grow mainly at tropical and subtropical latitudes because mangrove trees cannot withstand freezing temperatures. There are about 80 different species of mangroves, all of which ...
Map of Mangroves in Andhra Pradesh. Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary is an estuary situated near Kakinada in Andhra Pradesh, India. [2] [3] It is the third largest stretch of mangrove forests in India with 24 mangrove tree species and more than 120 bird species. It is home to the critically endangered white-backed vulture and the long billed vulture. [1]
Andaman and Nicobar Mangroves: The Andaman and Nicobar Islands host extensive mangrove forests, which are some of the most diverse in the country. These forests provide critical habitat for diverse species, including the Andaman wild pig and several species of endemic birds. [8] They are crucial for the ecological health of the island ecosystem ...
However, a given mangrove swamp typically features only a small number of tree species. It is not uncommon for a mangrove forest in the Caribbean to feature only three or four tree species. For comparison, the tropical rainforest biome contains thousands of tree species, but this is not to say mangrove forests lack diversity.
The Florida mangroves ecoregion, of the mangrove forest biome, comprise an ecosystem along the coasts of the Florida peninsula, and the Florida Keys.Four major species of mangrove populate the region: red mangrove, black mangrove, white mangrove, and the buttonwood.
Between 1968 and 1983, 2,370 km 2 (920 sq mi) of mangrove forest were lost to the creation of cultured ponds for farming fish, shrimp, and other aquatic resources. Urbanization is also the main cause of the loss of the formerly extensive mangrove forests in Manila Bay. [46] [47] [48] Olo-Olo Mangrove Forest and Ecopark in Batangas, Philippines
The Guianan–Amazon Mangroves support very diverse populations of fish and migratory birds, as well as other wildlife. Typical species of fauna include scarlet ibis (Eudocimus ruber), American flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber), magnificent frigatebird (Fregata magnificens), loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta), hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata), green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas ...
As new cities are developed, mangrove forests around the world have felt a great impact not only on their ecosystems health, but also their wave-attenuating capacity. [12] Wave energy may be reduced by 75 per cent in the wave's passage through 200 meters of mangrove forests, a very substantial amount once the mangrove has been removed. [13]