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Dryopteris intermedia, the intermediate wood fern or evergreen wood fern, [4] [3] is a perennial, evergreen wood fern native to eastern North America. It is a diploid species, and is the parent of several species of hybrid origin, including Dryopteris carthusiana .
Dryopteris / d r aɪ ˈ ɒ p t ə r ɪ s /, [2] commonly called the wood ferns, male ferns (referring in particular to Dryopteris filix-mas), or buckler ferns, is a fern genus in the family Dryopteridaceae, subfamily Dryopteridoideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). [3]
Hybridization and polyploidy are common phenomena in ferns, and the genus Dryopteris is known to be one of the most freely-hybridizing fern genera. [1] North American botanists recognized early that there were close relationships between many of the species of Dryopteris on the continent, and that these relationships reflected hybrid ancestry. [2]
They are known colloquially as the wood ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family is placed in the suborder Polypodiineae . [ 1 ] Alternatively, it may be treated as the subfamily Dryopteridoideae of a very broadly defined family Polypodiaceae sensu lato .
Dryopteris ludoviciana, the southern woodfern, [2] is fern native to southern United States from Florida west to Texas and as far north as Kentucky and North Carolina. It is an evergreen in mild climates. Its growth habit is tall and upright with shiny and leathery dark green fronds. It will tolerate dry conditions but will perform best in ...
Dryopteris clintoniana, commonly known as Clinton's wood fern, is a fern of hybrid origin native to the northern hemisphere. It is a fertile hexaploid, arising as a species by doubling of its chromosome number from a hybrid between Dryopteris cristata , a tetraploid, and Dryopteris goldieana , a diploid.
Dryopteris expansa, the alpine buckler fern, northern buckler-fern [1] or spreading wood fern, is a species of perennial fern native to cool temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, south at high altitudes in mountains to Spain and Greece in southern Europe, to Japan in eastern Asia, and to central California in North America.
Dryopteris goldieana, commonly called Goldie's wood fern, or giant wood fern is a fern native to the eastern United States and adjacent areas of Canada, from New Brunswick to Ontario and Georgia. [3] It is the largest native North American species of Dryopteris and along with ostrich fern it is one of the largest ferns in eastern North America.