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  2. Christmas tree packet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_tree_packet

    When used as part of scanning a system, the TCP header of a Christmas tree packet has the flags FIN, URG and PSH set. [1] Many operating systems implement their compliance with the Internet Protocol standards [2] [3] in varying or incomplete ways. By observing how a host responds to an odd packet, such as a Christmas tree packet, inferences can ...

  3. Idle scan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idle_scan

    This script probes a host to classify its IP ID generation method, then prints the IP ID classification much like the OS detection does. Like most NSE scripts, ipidseq.nse can be run against many hosts in parallel, making it another good choice when scanning entire networks looking for suitable hosts. nmap -v -O -sS 192.168.1.0/24

  4. Nmap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nmap

    Nmap (Network Mapper) is a network scanner created by Gordon Lyon (also known by his pseudonym Fyodor Vaskovich). [5] Nmap is used to discover hosts and services on a computer network by sending packets and analyzing the responses.

  5. TCP reset attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP_reset_attack

    A TCP reset attack, also known as a forged TCP reset or spoofed TCP reset, is a way to terminate a TCP connection by sending a forged TCP reset packet. This tampering technique can be used by a firewall or abused by a malicious attacker to interrupt Internet connections.

  6. TCP/IP stack fingerprinting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP/IP_stack_fingerprinting

    "don't fragment" flag (1 bit) "sackOK" flag (1 bit) "nop" flag (1 bit) These values may be combined to form a 67-bit signature, or fingerprint, for the target machine. [1] Just inspecting the Initial TTL and window size fields is often enough to successfully identify an operating system, which eases the task of performing manual OS ...

  7. Footprinting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footprinting

    That is the reason by which it may be named a Pre-Attack, since all the information is reviewed in order to get a complete and successful resolution of the attack. Footprinting is also used by ethical hackers and penetration testers to find security flaws and vulnerabilities within their own company's network before a malicious hacker does.

  8. TCP sequence prediction attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP_sequence_prediction_attack

    After the IP address and the correct sequence number are known, it is basically a race between the attacker and the trusted host to get the correct packet sent. One common way for the attacker to send it first is to launch another attack on the trusted host, such as a denial-of-service attack. Once the attacker has control over the connection ...

  9. Bastion host - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastion_host

    A bastion host is a special-purpose computer on a network specifically designed and configured to withstand attacks, so named by analogy to the bastion, a military fortification. The computer generally hosts a single application or process, for example, a proxy server or load balancer , and all other services are removed or limited to reduce ...