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For example, many summation methods are used in mathematics to assign numerical values even to a divergent series. In particular, the methods of zeta function regularization and Ramanujan summation assign the series a value of − + 1 / 12 , which is expressed by a famous formula: [ 2 ]
In 1957, Jacques Tits introduced the theory of buildings, which relate algebraic groups to abstract simplicial complexes.One of the assumptions is a non-triviality condition: If the building is an n‑dimensional abstract simplicial complex, and if k < n, then every k‑simplex of the building must be contained in at least three n‑simplices.
This list of mathematical series contains formulae for finite and infinite sums. It can be used in conjunction with other tools for evaluating sums. Here, is taken to have the value
supremum = least upper bound. A lower bound of a subset of a partially ordered set (,) is an element of such that . for all .; A lower bound of is called an infimum (or greatest lower bound, or meet) of if
In mathematics, the Gaussian or ordinary hypergeometric function 2 F 1 (a,b;c;z) is a special function represented by the hypergeometric series, that includes many other special functions as specific or limiting cases.
In mathematics, 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + ⋯ is the infinite series whose terms are the successive powers of two. As a geometric series, it is characterized by its first term, 1, and its common ratio, 2. As a series of real numbers it diverges to infinity, so the sum of this series is infinity.
In the case where the space is a space of functions, the functional is a "function of a function", [6] and some older authors actually define the term "functional" to mean "function of a function". However, the fact that X {\displaystyle X} is a space of functions is not mathematically essential, so this older definition is no longer prevalent.
The Clay Mathematics Institute officially designated the title Millennium Problem for the seven unsolved mathematical problems, the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, Hodge conjecture, Navier–Stokes existence and smoothness, P versus NP problem, Riemann hypothesis, Yang–Mills existence and mass gap, and the Poincaré conjecture at the ...