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The Kushan Empire (c. 30 –c. 375 CE) [a] was a syncretic empire formed by the Yuezhi in the Bactrian territories in the early 1st century. It spread to encompass much of what is now Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Eastern Iran and Northern India, [17] [18] [19] at least as far as Saketa and Sarnath, near Varanasi, where inscriptions have been found dating to the era of the ...
Buddhist expansion in Asia: Mahāyāna Buddhism first entered the Chinese Empire (Han dynasty) through Silk Road during the Kushan Era.The overland and maritime "Silk Roads" were interlinked and complementary, forming what scholars have called the "great circle of Buddhism".
Kanishka personally seems to have embraced both Buddhism and the Persian attributes but he favored Buddhism, proven by his devotion to Buddhist teachings and prayer styles depicted in various books related to kushan empire. His greatest contribution to Buddhist architecture was the Kanishka stupa at Purushapura, modern day Peshawar ...
During Kushan rule, Gandharan Buddhism was at the height of its influence and a significant number of Buddhist centers were built or renovated. [73] The Buddhist art of Kushan Gandhara was a synthesis of Greco-Roman, Iranian and Indian elements. [74] The Gandhāran Buddhist texts also date from this period.
Initially, Buddhist art was aniconic, but Greco-Roman influences led to the emergence of anthropomorphic depictions of the Buddha in the 1st century CE. [41] The height of this artistic style was during the Kushan Empire. Many examples of Gandhāran Buddhist sculpture have been found, showing the influence of Greco-Roman sculpture.
The later Kushan empire would adopt the Greek alphabet (Bactrian language), Greco-Buddhist art forms and coinage, and Greco-Buddhist religion of these Hellenistic kingdoms. [13] The first anthropomorphic representations of the Buddha himself are often considered a result of the Greco-Buddhist interaction.
During the 2nd century CE, Kanishka, one of the most powerful rulers of the Kushan Empire, embarked on a series of military campaigns to expand his empire's borders.By invading Central Asia, Kanishka sought to secure Kushan dominance over the Silk Road, bolster the empire's economy, and facilitate the spread of culture and religion, particularly Buddhism, into the region.
The Kusana or Kushan Empire ruled large parts of north India from about 60 to 270 AD, as well as the strongly Buddhist region of Gandhara, including much of modern Afghanistan and Pakistan. Kushan rulers were supporters of Buddhist institutions and built numerous stupas and monasteries. Some of their coins showed an image of Buddha.