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Gastric erosion occurs when the mucous membrane lining the stomach becomes inflamed. Specifically, the term "erosion" in this context means damage that is limited to the mucosa, which consists of three distinct layers: the epithelium (in the case of a healthy stomach, this is non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium), the basement membrane, and the lamina propria.
A Cameron lesion is a linear erosion or ulceration of the mucosal folds lining the stomach where it is constricted by the thoracic diaphragm in persons with large hiatal hernias. [1] The lesions may cause chronic blood loss resulting in iron deficiency anemia ; less often they cause acute bleeding.
Gastritis is the inflammation of the lining of the stomach. [1] It may occur as a short episode or may be of a long duration. [1] There may be no symptoms but, when symptoms are present, the most common is upper abdominal pain (see dyspepsia). [1] Other possible symptoms include nausea and vomiting, bloating, loss of appetite and heartburn.
Ulcers cause breaks in the mucosa and cause erosion of the sub-mucosa. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Gastrin levels increase due to tumors, which cause an increase in the gastric fold size. [7] Ménétrier's disease The mucosa pits are in excess causing thickening of the folds. [7] Carcinoma Helicobacter pylori infection Causes inflammation of the ...
The usual appearance of portal hypertensive gastropathy on endoscopy is a mosaic-like or reticular pattern in the mucosa. Red spots may or may not be present. The pattern is usually seen throughout the stomach. [2] A similar pattern can be seen with a related condition called gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE), or watermelon stomach.
Peptic ulcer disease is when the inner part of the stomach's gastric mucosa (lining of the stomach), the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus, gets damaged. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer, while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer. [1]
The appendix has a mucosa resembling the colon but is heavily infiltrated with lymphocytes. Transition between the different types of epithelium occurs at the junction between the oesophagus and stomach; between the stomach and duodenum, between the ileum and caecum, and at the pectinate line of the anus. [1]
The diagnosis of lymphocytic esophagitis is made by biopsy of the mucosal lining of the esophagus. This is typically achieved at the time of esophagogastroduodenoscopy, a medical procedure wherein an endoscope is inserted through the mouth, into the esophagus, in order to visualize and biopsy the mucosa. [citation needed]