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The most recent instance of a year of three popes occurred in 1978. The three popes involved were: [2] Paul VI, who was elected on 21 June 1963 and died on 6 August 1978. John Paul I, who was elected on 26 August 1978 and died thirty-three days later on 28 September 1978. John Paul II, who was elected on 16 October 1978 and held the position ...
The role of the Ostrogoths became clear in the first schism, when, on November 22, 498, two men were elected pope. The subsequent triumph of Pope Symmachus (498–514) over Antipope Laurentius is the first recorded example of simony in papal history. [15]
Two-year period without a valid pope elected. The Council of Constance called on all three papal claimants to abdicate, but only Gregory XII (Roman) did. John XXIII (Pisan) was deposed, Benedict XIII (Avignon) was excommunicated, and a new pope was elected. 206: 11 November 1417 – 20 February 1431 (13 years, 101 days) Martin V MARTINVS Quintus
Because there had been confusion at the last conclave in 1958 over the color of the smoke used to indicate whether a pope had been elected, the smoke would be supplemented with electric lights. [9] The results of the first four ballots were signaled with black smoke on 20 June at 11:54 am and 5:47 pm. Each time, the smoke appeared white at first.
The papal conclave held from 14 to 16 October 1978 was triggered by the death of John Paul I on 28 September 1978, just 33 days after he was elected pope. The conclave to elect John Paul I's successor ended after eight ballots. The cardinal electors selected Cardinal Karol Józef Wojtyła, Archbishop of Kraków, as the new pope.
For the next four decades, there were two popes—even three popes at one point—until the Council of Constance (1414-1418) formalized the authority of a single pope in Rome. The conclave where a ...
As of 2017, the three most recent conclaves have elected a Pole (1978), a German (2005), and an Argentinian (2013). During the first millennium, popes were elected unanimously (at least in theory). After a decree by the Synod of Rome in 1059, some factions contended that a simple majority sufficed to elect.
When cardinals assemble to elect a pope, they vote as often as four times a day, especially in the first day or two, to determine which candidates are most likely to garner a majority vote.