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  2. Monolayer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monolayer

    A Langmuir monolayer or insoluble monolayer is a one-molecule thick layer of an insoluble organic material spread onto an aqueous subphase in a Langmuir-Blodgett trough. Traditional compounds used to prepare Langmuir monolayers are amphiphilic materials that possess a hydrophilic headgroup and a hydrophobic tail.

  3. Interface (matter) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_(matter)

    The interface between matter and air, or matter and vacuum, is called a surface, and studied in surface science. In thermal equilibrium, the regions in contact are called phases, and the interface is called a phase boundary. An example for an interface out of equilibrium is the grain boundary in polycrystalline matter.

  4. Layered materials - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layered_materials

    Titanium disulfide is an example of a layered material. The individual sheets are interconnected by van der Waals forces between the sulfide centers.. In material science, layered materials are solids with highly anisotropic bonding, in which two-dimensional sheets are internally strongly bonded, but only weakly bonded to adjacent layers. [1]

  5. Intercalation (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercalation_(chemistry)

    Clathrates are chemical substances consisting of a lattice that traps or contains molecules. Usually, clathrate compounds are polymeric and completely envelop the guest molecule. Inclusion compounds are often molecules, whereas clathrates are typically polymeric.

  6. Base (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(chemistry)

    A strong base is a basic chemical compound that can remove a proton (H +) from (or deprotonate) a molecule of even a very weak acid (such as water) in an acid–base reaction. Common examples of strong bases include hydroxides of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, like NaOH and Ca(OH) 2, respectively. Due to their low solubility, some ...

  7. Self-assembled monolayer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-assembled_monolayer

    Metal substrates for use in SAMs can be produced through physical vapor deposition techniques, electrodeposition or electroless deposition. [1] Thiol or selenium SAMs produced by adsorption from solution are typically made by immersing a substrate into a dilute solution of alkane thiol in ethanol, though many different solvents can be used [1] besides use of pure liquids. [16]

  8. Layered double hydroxides - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layered_double_hydroxides

    the wermlandite group, with a layer spacing of ~11 Å, in which cationic complexes occur with anions between the brucite-like layers; and; the hydrocalumite group, with M 2+ = Ca 2+ and M 3+ = Al 3+, which contains brucite-like layers in which the Ca:Al ratio is 2:1 and the large cation, Ca 2+, is coordinated to a seventh ligand of 'interlayer ...

  9. Glossary of chemistry terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_chemistry_terms

    Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...