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Surfaces with low surface energies may undergo corona or flame treatment in order to raise its surface energy. [15] However even if a surface has high energy, contaminants on the surface can interfere with the adhesive's ability to bond to the surface. The presence of contaminants such as dust, paper, and oils will reduce the contact area for ...
Some removable adhesives are designed to repeatedly stick and unstick. They have low adhesion and generally cannot support much weight. Sometimes clean removal of pressure sensitive tape can be difficult without damaging the substrate that it is adhered to. Pulling at a slow rate and with a low angle of peel helps reduce surface damage.
For a peel ply, a thin, woven piece of material is applied to the adherend during fabrication. [9] Because the material is woven, it will leave a torturous surface when removed, which will improve bonding by mechanical interlocking. [6] Prior to adhesive bonding, the woven material acts to protect the surface of the adherend from contaminates.
Likewise, contaminants, especially those which, due to their low surface tension, counteract wetting by the adhesive (for example, oils, release agents, etc.) hinder the adhesion interaction. Contaminants form, as it were, a barrier between the adhesive and the substrate which cannot be bridged by the adhesion forces due to their short reach.
Adsorption is the adhesion [1] of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface. [2] This process creates a film of the adsorbate on the surface of the adsorbent . This process differs from absorption , in which a fluid (the absorbate ) is dissolved by or permeates a liquid or solid (the absorbent ). [ 3 ]
In adhesion tests per ASTM D4541, in which an aluminum stud is bonded to the test surface and the stud is pulled in the direction normal to the surface, both surfaces of the failure interface were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). F/C ratio was used as an indicator of the failure mode: F/C of zero corresponds to failure in the ...
Note 1: Adhesion requires energy that can come from chemical and/or physical linkages, the latter being reversible when enough energy is applied. Note 2: In biology, adhesion reflects the behavior of cells shortly after contact to the surface. Note 3: In surgery, adhesion is used when two tissues fuse unexpectedly. [1]
The two front feet of a tokay gecko can withstand 20.1 N of force parallel to the surface with 227 mm 2 of pad area, [4] a force as much as 40 times the gecko's weight. . Scientists have been investigating the secret of this extraordinary adhesion ever since the 19th century, and at least seven possible mechanisms for gecko adhesion have been discussed over the past 17