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The oblique sinus is an inverted J-shaped reflection of the venae cavae and pulmonary veins. [2] It lies behind the atria (particularly the left atrium), [1] and in between left and right pulmonary veins. The transverse sinus is the tunnel-shaped passage posterior to the aorta and pulmonary trunk, and anterior to the superior vena cava.
The oblique vein of the left atrium (oblique vein of Marshall) is a small vein which descends obliquely on the back of the left atrium and ends in the coronary sinus near its left extremity; it is continuous above with the ligament of the left vena cava (vestigial fold of Marshall), and the two structures form the remnant of the left Cuvierian duct.
The coronary sinus commences at the union of the great cardiac vein, and the oblique vein of the left atrium. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The origin of the coronary sinus is marked by the Vieussens valve of the coronary sinus which is situated at the endpoint of the great cardiac vein.
The anatomy of the veins of the heart is very variable, but generally it is formed by the following veins: heart veins that go into the coronary sinus: the great cardiac vein, the middle cardiac vein, the small cardiac vein, the posterior vein of the left ventricle, and the oblique vein of Marshall.
Upon reaching the posterior surface of the heart, [3] the great cardiac vein merges with the oblique vein of the left atrium to form the coronary sinus. [2] [3] At the junction of the great cardiac vein and the coronary sinus, there is typically a valve present. This is the Vieussens valve of the coronary sinus. [2]
The sinus opening moves clockwise. This movement is caused mainly by the left to right shunt of blood, which occurs in the venous system during the fourth and fifth week of development. [12] When the left common cardinal vein disappears in the tenth week only the oblique vein of the left atrium and the coronary sinus remain.
It is formed by the folding of the serous layer over the remnant of the lower part of the left superior vena cava (duct of Cuvier), which becomes obliterated during fetal life, and remains as a fibrous band stretching from the highest left intercostal vein to the left atrium, where it is continuous with a small cardiac vein, the vein of the ...
The base is formed by the coronary sinus orifice and the vestibule of the right atrium, and the hypotenuse is formed by the tendon of Todaro, which is often a continuation off the Eustachian valve. Other structures near to it are the membranous septum and the Eustachian ridge. Variations in the size of Koch's triangle are common.