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  2. Outline of immunology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_immunology

    The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to immunology: . Immunology – study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms. [1] It deals with the physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and disease; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency ...

  3. Immunology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunology

    Immunology is a branch of biology and medicine [1] that covers the study of immune systems [2] in all organisms.. Immunology charts, measures, and contextualizes the physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and diseases; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (such as autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, [3] immune deficiency, [4] and ...

  4. Immune system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_system

    Immune system. The immune system is a network of biological systems that protects an organism from diseases. It detects and responds to a wide variety of pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, as well as cancer cells and objects such as wood splinters, distinguishing them from the organism's own healthy tissue.

  5. Immunoassay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoassay

    Immunoassay. An immunoassay (IA) is a biochemical test that measures the presence or concentration of a macromolecule or a small molecule in a solution through the use of an antibody (usually) or an antigen (sometimes). The molecule detected by the immunoassay is often referred to as an "analyte" and is in many cases a protein, although it may ...

  6. Innate immune system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_immune_system

    The innate immune system or nonspecific immune system[1] is one of the two main immunity strategies (the other being the adaptive immune system) in vertebrates. The innate immune system is an alternate defense strategy and is the dominant immune system response found in plants, fungi, prokaryotes, and invertebrates (see Beyond vertebrates).

  7. Immune response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_response

    Immune response. An immune response is a physiological reaction which occurs within an organism in the context of inflammation for the purpose of defending against exogenous factors. These include a wide variety of different toxins, viruses, intra- and extracellular bacteria, protozoa, helminths, and fungi which could cause serious problems to ...

  8. Adaptive immune system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_immune_system

    The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune system, or specific immune system is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate pathogens or prevent their growth. The acquired immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other ...

  9. Organization and expression of immunoglobulin genes

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization_and...

    Antibody (or immunoglobulin) structure is made up of two heavy-chains and two light-chains.These chains are held together by disulfide bonds.The arrangement or processes that put together different parts of this antibody molecule play important role in antibody diversity and production of different subclasses or classes of antibodies.