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Ozone (/ ˈoʊzoʊn /) (or trioxygen) is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula O. 3. It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope O. 2, breaking down in the lower atmosphere to O.
Water in equilibrium with air contains approximately 1 molecule of dissolved O 2 for every 2 molecules of N 2 (1:2), compared with an atmospheric ratio of approximately 1:4. The solubility of oxygen in water is temperature-dependent, and about twice as much (14.6 mg/L) dissolves at 0 °C than at 20 °C (7.6 mg/L).
Ground-level ozone (O3), also known as surface-level ozone and tropospheric ozone, is a trace gas in the troposphere (the lowest level of the Earth's atmosphere), with an average concentration of 20–30 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), with close to 100 ppbv in polluted areas. [1][2] Ozone is also an important constituent of the ...
Ozone-oxygen cycle in the ozone layer. The photochemical mechanisms that give rise to the ozone layer were discovered by the British physicist Sydney Chapman in 1930. Ozone in the Earth's stratosphere is created by ultraviolet light striking ordinary oxygen molecules containing two oxygen atoms (O 2), splitting them into individual oxygen atoms (atomic oxygen); the atomic oxygen then combines ...
e. Air pollution is the contamination of air due to the presence of substances called pollutants in the atmosphere that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings, or cause damage to the climate or to materials. [ 1 ] It is also the contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment either by chemical, physical, or biological ...
The air is so rarefied that an individual molecule (of oxygen, for example) travels an average of 1 kilometre (0.62 mi; 3300 ft) between collisions with other molecules. [27] Although the thermosphere has a high proportion of molecules with high energy, it would not feel hot to a human in direct contact, because its density is too low to ...
Short-wavelength UV radiation splits an oxygen (O 2) molecule into two oxygen (O) atoms, which then combine with other oxygen molecules to form ozone. Ozone is removed when an oxygen atom and an ozone molecule "recombine" to form two oxygen molecules, i.e. O + O 3 → 2 O 2. In the 1950s, David Bates and Marcel Nicolet presented evidence that ...
If an oxygen atom and an ozone molecule meet, they recombine to form two oxygen molecules: 4. ozone conversion: O 3 + O → 2 O 2. Two oxygen atoms may react to form one oxygen molecule: 5. oxygen recombination: 2O + A → O 2 + A as in reaction 2 (above), A denotes another molecule or atom, like N 2 or O 2 required for the conservation of ...