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Circumduction is a combination of flexion, extension, adduction and abduction. Circumduction can be best performed at ball and socket joints, such as the hip and shoulder, but may also be performed by other parts of the body such as fingers, hands, feet, and head. [24]
Adduction – assessed whilst palpating the ipsilateral ASIS. Assessment for a hidden flexion contracture of the hip – hip flexion contractures may be occult, due to compensation by the back. They are assessed by: Placing a hand behind the lumbar region of back; Getting the patient to fully flex the contralateral hip.
Abduction is an anatomical term of motion referring to a movement which draws a limb out to the side, away from the median sagittal plane of the body. It is thus opposed to adduction . Upper limb
Adduction is an anatomical term of motion referring to a movement which brings a part of the anatomy closer to the middle sagittal plane of the body. Upper limb [ edit ]
The psoas is the primary hip flexor, assisted by the iliacus. The pectineus, the adductors longus, brevis, and magnus, as well as the tensor fasciae latae are also involved in flexion. The gluteus maximus is the main hip extensor, but the inferior portion of the adductor magnus also plays a role. The adductor group is responsible for hip adduction.
A condyloid joint is a modified ball and socket joint that allows primary movement within two perpendicular axes, passive or secondary movement may occur on a third axes. Some classifications make a distinction between condyloid and ellipsoid joints; [5] [6] these joints allow flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction movements (circumduction).
While hip flexors often get a lot of our attention (because, hello, tightness and aches!), the hip extensors can always use more love—which is why you should add these hip extension exercises to ...
The range of motion for plantar flexion is usually indicated in the literature as 30° to 40°, but sometimes also 50°. The nerves are primarily from the sacral spinal cord roots S1 and S2. Compression of S1 roots may result in weakness in plantarflexion; these nerves run from the lower back to the bottom of the foot.