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Speculative model of the first Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus in Rome. The first building of the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the Capitoline Hill was the oldest large temple in Rome, dedicated to the Capitoline Triad consisting of Jupiter and his companion deities, Juno and Minerva, and had a cathedral-like position in the official religion of Rome.
During the early monarchy, the temple was used by senators acting as a council to the king. Tullus Hostilius (r. 673–641 BC) [1] was believed to have replaced the original structure after fire destroyed the converted temple. It may have held historic significance as the location of an Etruscan mundus and altar.
The Portonaccio Sanctuary of Minerva was the first Tuscan–type, i.e., Etruscan, temple erected in Etruria (about 510 BCE). [1] The reconstruction proposed for it in 1993 by Giovanni Colonna together with Germano Foglia, presents a square 60 feet (18 m) construction on a low podium (about 1.8 metres, considering the 29 cm foundation) and divided into a pronaos with two columns making up the ...
Temple "A" pediment, Etruscan museum, Rome Head of Leucothea/Cavatha, Etruscan museum, Rome. The terracotta pediment at the back of the temple faced the entrance to the sanctuary. It portrayed the two most dramatic episodes in the Greek myth "The Seven against Thebes". The high relief dates to the years 470-460 BC.
That cult temple was part of the ancient Etruscan necropolis of Sasso Pinzuto and includes a slew of artifacts, such as clay slabs that give off additional details about the funerary rituals of ...
The Fanum Voltumnae (‘shrine of Voltumna’) was the chief sanctuary of the Etruscans; fanum means a sacred place, a much broader notion than a single temple. [1] Numerous sources refer to a league of the "Twelve Peoples" of Etruria, formed for religious purposes but evidently having some political functions.
The first version is the largest Etruscan-style temple recorded, [3] and much larger than other Roman temples for centuries after. However, its size remains heavily disputed by specialists; based on an ancient visitor it has been claimed to have been almost 60 m × 60 m (200 ft × 200 ft), not far short of the largest Greek temples. [ 4 ]
Ceiling of Temple of Jupiter, Diocletian's Palace, Split. The platform on which the temple sat was typically raised higher in Etruscan and Roman examples than Greek, with up to ten, twelve or more steps rather than the three typical in Greek temples; the Temple of Claudius was raised twenty steps. These steps were normally only at the front ...