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  2. Knee of a curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_of_a_curve

    Photovoltaic solar cell I-V curves where a line intersects the knee of the curves where the maximum power transfer point is located. In mathematics , a knee of a curve (or elbow of a curve ) is a point where the curve visibly bends, specifically from high slope to low slope (flat or close to flat), or in the other direction.

  3. Rankine's method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rankine's_method

    Rankine's method or tangential angle method is an angular technique for laying out circular curves by a combination of chaining and angles at circumference, fully exploiting the theodolite and making a substantial improvement in accuracy and productivity over existing methods. This method requires access to only one road/path of communication ...

  4. Decision curve analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_curve_analysis

    Example decision curve analysis graph with two predictors. A decision curve analysis graph is drawn by plotting threshold probability on the horizontal axis and net benefit on the vertical axis, illustrating the trade-offs between benefit (true positives) and harm (false positives) as the threshold probability (preference) is varied across a range of reasonable threshold probabilities.

  5. Linear trend estimation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_trend_estimation

    Consider a concrete example, such as the global surface temperature record of the past 140 years as presented by the IPCC. [3] The interannual variation is about 0.2 °C, and the trend is about 0.6 °C over 140 years, with 95% confidence limits of 0.2 °C (by coincidence, about the same value as the interannual variation).

  6. Method of characteristics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method_of_characteristics

    As an example, consider the advection equation (this example assumes familiarity with PDE notation, and solutions to basic ODEs). + = where is constant and is a function of and . We want to transform this linear first-order PDE into an ODE along the appropriate curve; i.e. something of the form

  7. Q–Q plot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q–Q_plot

    Thus, the Q–Q plot is a parametric curve indexed over [0,1] with values in the real plane R 2. Typically for an analysis of normality, the vertical axis shows the values of the variable of interest, say x with CDF F(x), and the horizontal axis represents N −1 (F(x)), where N −1 (.) represents the inverse cumulative normal distribution ...

  8. NYT ‘Connections’ Hints and Answers Today, Friday, December 13

    www.aol.com/nyt-connections-hints-answers-today...

    If you've been having trouble with any of the connections or words in Friday's puzzle, you're not alone and these hints should definitely help you out. Plus, I'll reveal the answers further down ...

  9. Probability density function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_density_function

    This probability is given by the integral of this variable's PDF over that range—that is, it is given by the area under the density function but above the horizontal axis and between the lowest and greatest values of the range. The probability density function is nonnegative everywhere, and the area under the entire curve is equal to 1.