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The major color components in their respective chemical structures are carminic acid (in cochineal dyes), kermesic acid (in kermes dye) and laccaic acids (in lac dye). [22] Carminic acid is extracted from the female cochineal insects and is treated to produce carmine, which can yield shades of red such as crimson and scarlet. [23]
Carmine (/ ˈ k ɑːr m ə n, ˈ k ɑːr m aɪ n /) – also called cochineal (when it is extracted from the cochineal insect), cochineal extract, crimson lake, or carmine lake – is a pigment of a bright-red color obtained from the aluminium complex derived from carminic acid. [2] Specific code names for the pigment include natural red 4, C.I ...
Some, such as the cochineal, kermes, lac, Armenian cochineal, and Polish cochineal, have been used to produce red dyes for coloring foods and dyeing fabrics. [ 27 ] [ 28 ] [ 29 ] Both the colour name " crimson " and the generic name Kermes are from Italian carmesi or cremesi for the dye used for Italian silk textiles, in turn from the Persian ...
Carminic acid (C 22 H 20 O 13) is a red glucosidal hydroxyanthrapurin that occurs naturally in some scale insects, such as the cochineal, Armenian cochineal, and Polish cochineal. The insects produce the acid as a deterrent to predators. [3] An aluminum salt of carminic acid is the coloring agent in carmine, a pigment. [4]
These insects are known commonly as cochineals, [2] [3] a name that also specifically refers to the best-known species, the cochineal (Dactylopius coccus). The cochineal is an insect of economic and historical importance as a main source of the red dye carmine. It has reportedly been used for this purpose in the Americas since the 10th century. [2]
The Polish cochineal lives on herbaceous plants growing in sandy and arid, infertile soils. Its primary host plant is the perennial knawel (Scleranthus perennis), but it has also been known to feed on plants of 20 other genera, including mouse-ear hawkweed (Hieracium pilosella), bladder campion (Silene inflata), velvet bent (Agrostis canina), Caragana, [4] smooth rupturewort (Herniaria glabra ...
A pile of candy corn, which contains Red Dye No. 3, in Westchester County, N.Y., Oct. 23, 2023. Credit - Julia Rubin—The Associated Press. T he U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the ...
Crimson is a rich, deep red color, inclining to purple. [2] It originally meant the color of the kermes dye produced from a scale insect, Kermes vermilio, but the name is now sometimes also used as a generic term for slightly bluish-red colors that are between red and rose. It is the national color of Nepal.