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2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (or DDQ) is the chemical reagent with formula C 6 Cl 2 (CN) 2 O 2. This oxidant is useful for the dehydrogenation of alcohols, [3] phenols, [4] and steroid ketones. [5] DDQ decomposes in water, but is stable in aqueous mineral acid. [6]
The use of protective groups is pervasive but not without criticism. [103] In practical terms their use adds two steps (protection-deprotection sequence) to a synthesis, either or both of which can dramatically lower chemical yield. Crucially, added complexity impedes the use of synthetic total synthesis in drug discovery.
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Chloranil is produced by chlorination of phenol to give hexachlorocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one ("hexachlorophenol"). Hydrolysis of the dichloromethylene group in this dienone gives chloranil: [3] C 6 H 5 OH + 6 Cl 2 → C 6 Cl 6 O + 6 HCl C 6 Cl 6 O + H 2 O → C 6 Cl 4 O 2 + 2 HCl. Chloroanil serves as a hydrogen acceptor. It is more electrophilic ...
Trichloroethyl chloroformate is used in organic synthesis for the introduction of the trichloroethyl chloroformate (Troc) protecting group for amines, thiols and alcohols.It readily cleaves vs other carbamates and can be used in an overall protecting group strategy.
The trimethylsilyl group can then be cleaved off with TBAF or DBU to form phenylacetylene derivatives. [2] Trimethylsilylacetylene is also used to synthesize diphenylacetylene derivatives in a one-pot Sonogashira coupling, in which the phenylacetylene derivative reacts with a second aryl halide after in-situ deprotection. [ 3 ]
The use of Fmoc as a temporary protecting group for amine at the N-terminus in solid phase synthesis is very widespread for Fmoc/tBu approach, because its removal with piperidine does not disturb the acid-labile linker between the peptide and the resin. [7]