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Population figures for the Indigenous peoples of the Americas before European colonization have been difficult to establish. Estimates have varied widely from as low as 8 million to as many as 100 million, though many scholars gravitated toward an estimate of around 50 million by the end of the 20th century. [1] [2]
Some 90 percent of the native population near Massachusetts Bay Colony died of smallpox in an epidemic in 1617–1619. [141] In 1633, in Fort Orange (New Netherland), the Native Americans there were exposed to smallpox because of contact with Europeans. As it had done elsewhere, the virus wiped out entire population groups of Native Americans ...
Paleo-Indians, c. 18,000–8000 BC . Clovis; Folsom tradition; Plano cultures; Cody complex; Archaic Period, 8000–1000 BC . Paleo-Arctic tradition, 8000–5000 BC ...
Indigenous Peoples’ Day is a holiday in the United States that was created in reaction to Columbus Day, a national holiday dedicated to celebrating the explorer who led expeditions to the ...
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The narrative around Columbus Day helped uphold “the new racial order that would emerge in the US in the 20th century, one in which the descendants of diverse ethnic European immigrants became ...
By 1800, the Native population of the present-day United States had declined to approximately 600,000, and only 250,000 Native Americans remained in the 1890s. [43] A conference of French and Indian leaders around a ceremonial fire by Émile Louis Vernier
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