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The incidence of TA-GvHD in immunocompromised patients receiving blood transfusions is estimated to be 0.1–1.0%, and mortality around 80–90%. Mortality is higher in TA-GvHD than in GvHD associated with bone marrow transplantation , where the engrafted lymphoid cells in the bone marrow are of donor origin (in autotransplant) and therefore ...
In transfusion medicine, transfusion-associated circulatory overload (aka TACO) is a transfusion reaction (an adverse effect of blood transfusion) resulting in signs or symptoms of excess fluid in the circulatory system (hypervolemia) within 12 hours after transfusion. [2] The symptoms of TACO can include shortness of breath , low blood oxygen ...
Post-transfusion purpura (PTP) is a delayed adverse reaction to a blood transfusion or platelet transfusion that occurs when the body has produced alloantibodies to the allogeneic transfused platelets' antigens. These alloantibodies destroy the patient's platelets leading to thrombocytopenia, a rapid decline in platelet count. [1]
Comparison of symptoms of blood transfusion reactions characterized by fever. [45] + =Occasionally present ++ =Frequently present Febrile nonhemolytic TRALI Acute hemolytic Bacterial contamination Appearance of symptoms during or after transfusion Usually toward end. 5–10% appear up to 2 hours after. Early (after 10–15 ml) Early (after 50 ...
It is often impossible to distinguish TRALI from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The typical presentation of TRALI is the sudden development of shortness of breath, severe hypoxemia (O 2 saturation <90% in room air), low blood pressure, and fever that develop within 6 hours after transfusion and usually resolve with supportive care within 48 to 96 hours.
Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR) is the most common type of transfusion reaction. It is a benign occurrence with symptoms that include fever but not directly related with hemolysis. [1] It is caused by cytokine release from leukocytes within the donor product as a consequence of white blood cell breakdown.
An acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR), also called immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction, is a life-threatening reaction to receiving a blood transfusion. AHTRs occur within 24 hours of the transfusion and can be triggered by a few milliliters of blood. The reaction is triggered by host antibodies destroying donor red blood cells.
Transfusion hemosiderosis can cause permanent damage to tissues that may lead to death. [2] Tissue damage can remain even after chelation therapy. [2] Outcomes are usually worse in patients who require blood transfusions compared to those who can have alternative therapies. [2] Cardiomyopathy and cardiac arrhythmia are often a cause of death. [1]