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Knee effusion, informally known as water on the knee, occurs when excess synovial fluid accumulates in or around the knee joint. It has many common causes, including arthritis , injury to the ligaments or meniscus , or fluid collecting in the bursa , a condition known as prepatellar bursitis .
Fluid accumulation in the joint can be extensive causing discomfort and impairing movement, although affected joints are not usually very painful. While the condition is chronic, it does not appear to progress to more destructive damage of the joint. It seems to affect slightly more women than men.
Symptoms usually last for days to weeks, and often recur. Although any joint may be affected, the knees, wrists, and hips are most common. [4] CPPD crystals appear as shattered glass under the microscope. When released into the synovial fluid, it causes unbearable pain to the patient. Flares are sudden, severe and without warning.
PJIs are the most common cause of knee replacement failures, and the third most common cause of hip replacement failures. [1] As of 2017, 2.1% of hip and 2.3% of knee replacements will at some time develop a PJI. [2] The incidence of PJIs have more than tripled in the last 20 years, with the incidence expected to further increase in the future.
Edema (American English), also spelled oedema (British English), and also known as fluid retention, dropsy and hydropsy, is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue, [1] a type of swelling. [4] Most commonly, the legs or arms are affected. [1] Symptoms may include skin that feels tight, the area feeling heavy, and joint stiffness. [1]
Fluid builup in the lower legs, feet and hands—also known as pedal edema— occurs because the heart’s ability to pump blood is too weak, which causes the blood to settle and accumulate in tissue.
Similarly, total knee replacement can be performed to correct mild valgus or varus deformity. Serious valgus or varus deformity should be corrected by osteotomy. Physical therapy has been shown to improve function, and may delay or prevent the need for knee replacement. Pain often is noted when performing physical activities requiring a wide ...
Plaque build-up often doesn’t cause symptoms, but it can block blood flow to vital organs like your heart. Coronary artery disease occurs when atherosclerosis affects the arteries supplying ...