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An electrical conductivity meter. An electrical conductivity meter (EC meter) measures the electrical conductivity in a solution. [1] It has multiple applications in research and engineering, with common usage in hydroponics, aquaculture, aquaponics, and freshwater systems to monitor the amount of nutrients, salts or impurities in the water.
The instrument is lowered into the water in what is called the downcast to a determined depth or to a few meters above the ocean floor, generally at a rate of about 0.5 m/s. Most of the time a conducting wire cable is attached to the CTD frame connecting the CTD to an onboard computer, and allows instantaneous uploading and real time ...
Conductivity or specific conductance of an electrolyte solution is a measure of its ability to conduct electricity. The SI unit of conductivity is siemens per meter (S/m). Conductivity measurements are used routinely in many industrial and environmental applications as a fast, inexpensive and reliable way of measuring the ionic content in a ...
where TDS is expressed in mg/L and EC is the electrical conductivity in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 °C. The conversion factor k e varies between 0.55 and 0.8. [5] Some TDS meters use an electrical conductivity measurement to the ppm using the above formula. Regarding units, 1 ppm indicates 1 mg of dissolved solids per 1,000 g of water. [6]
[3] [4] As such, using conductometry to determine water purity, which is often used today to test the effectiveness of water purification systems, began in 1776. [2] Friedrich Kohlrausch further developed conductometry in the 1860s when he applied alternating current to water, acids, and other solutions.
Electrical conductivity of water samples is used as an indicator of how salt-free, ion-free, or impurity-free the sample is; the purer the water, the lower the conductivity (the higher the resistivity). Conductivity measurements in water are often reported as specific conductance, relative to the conductivity of pure water at 25 °C.
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