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Beck's cognitive triad, also known as the negative triad, [1] [2] is a cognitive-therapeutic view of the three key elements of a person's belief system present in depression. It was proposed by Aaron Beck in 1967. [ 3 ]
This new cognitive approach came into conflict with the behaviorism common at the time, which claimed that talk of mental causes was not scientific or meaningful, and that assessing stimuli and behavioral responses was the best way to practice psychology. However, the 1970s saw a general "cognitive revolution" in psychology.
Beck's theories on depression, specifically about arbitrary inferences, have also been examined by researchers, to prove their validity or their usefulness. [16] This research came before Beck officially published his theory of arbitrary inference in the 1970s, when his theory of cognitive therapy was still being argued.
In 1979, Beck, Augustus John Rush, Brian Shaw and Gary Emery published the book "Cognitive therapy of depression", [37] which had the cognitive triad as a major underpinning concept. This mode of therapy became a major part of cognitive behavioral therapy in the 1980s, which became the standard non-pharmaceutical treatment for depression.
Cognitive distortions are involved in the onset or perpetuation of psychopathological states, such as depression and anxiety. [1] According to Aaron Beck's cognitive model, a negative outlook on reality, sometimes called negative schemas (or schemata), is a factor in symptoms of emotional dysfunction and poorer subjective well-being.
It was founded in 1994 by Aaron T. Beck and his daughter Judith S. Beck. [2] Aaron T. Beck was the Beck Institute's President Emeritus. [3] Beck died on November 1, 2021, at age 100. [4] He is recognized as the founder of cognitive therapy, [5] one of the elements from which cognitive behavior therapy developed. [6]
Beck's cognitive theory of depression was extended to address general anxiety disorder, personality disorders and more. [9] Cognitive therapies developed to address mental disorders focused on changing maladaptive beliefs that modify people's perception of self and well as experience of their environment.
The mastery and pleasure technique is a method of cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of depression. [1] Aaron T. Beck described this technique first. The technique is useful when patients are active, but have no pleasure.