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A mandrake is the root of a plant, historically derived either from plants of the genus Mandragora (in the family Solanaceae) found in the Mediterranean region, or from other species, such as Bryonia alba (the English mandrake, in the family Cucurbitaceae) or the American mandrake (Podophyllum peltatum in the family Berberidaceae) which have similar properties.
The names autumn mandrake and Mediterranean mandrake are then used. [4] Whatever the circumscription, Mandragora officinarum is a perennial herbaceous plant with ovate leaves arranged in a rosette, a thick upright root, often branched, and bell-shaped flowers followed by yellow or orange berries .
Podophyllum peltatum is an herbaceous perennial plant in the family Berberidaceae. Its common names are mayapple, American mandrake, wild mandrake, [4] and ground lemon. [5] It is widespread across most of the eastern United States and southeastern Canada. [6] [7] Mayapples are woodland plants, typically growing in colonies derived
Mandragora is a plant genus belonging to the nightshade family . Members of the genus are known as mandrakes. Between three and five species are placed in the genus. The one or two species found around the Mediterranean constitute the mandrake of ancient writers such as Dioscorides. Two or three further species are found eastwards into China.
In 1753, in the first edition of Species Plantarum, Carl Linnaeus described a single species, Mandragora officinarum, for plants found around the Mediterranean. [9] [10] Jackson and Berry (1979) [11] and Ungricht et al. (1998) [5] have documented the subsequent confusion over the number of Mediterranean species of Mandragora and their scientific names.
Fruits including tomatoes, tomatillos, eggplant/aubergine, bell peppers and chili peppers, all of which are closely related members of the Solanaceae.. The Solanaceae (/ ˌ s ɒ l ə ˈ n eɪ s i. iː,-ˌ aɪ /), [3] or the nightshades, is a family of flowering plants that ranges from annual and perennial herbs to vines, lianas, epiphytes, shrubs, and trees, and includes a number of ...