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In geometry, a family of curves is a set of curves, each of which is given by a function or parametrization in which one or more of the parameters is variable. In general, the parameter(s) influence the shape of the curve in a way that is more complicated than a simple linear transformation .
In mathematics, the difference of two squares is a squared (multiplied by itself) number subtracted from another squared number. Every difference of squares may be factored according to the identity a 2 − b 2 = ( a + b ) ( a − b ) {\displaystyle a^{2}-b^{2}=(a+b)(a-b)}
Visual proof of the Pythagorean identity: for any angle , the point (,) = (, ) lies on the unit circle, which satisfies the equation + =.Thus, + =. In mathematics, an identity is an equality relating one mathematical expression A to another mathematical expression B, such that A and B (which might contain some variables) produce the same value for all values of the variables ...
A left identity element that is also a right identity element if called an identity element. The empty set ∅ {\displaystyle \varnothing } is an identity element of binary union ∪ {\displaystyle \cup } and symmetric difference , {\displaystyle \triangle ,} and it is also a right identity element of set subtraction ∖ : {\displaystyle ...
Logarithms: the inverses of exponential functions; useful to solve equations involving exponentials. Natural logarithm; Common logarithm; Binary logarithm; Power functions: raise a variable number to a fixed power; also known as Allometric functions; note: if the power is a rational number it is not strictly a transcendental function. Periodic ...
When a partial fraction term has a single (i.e. unrepeated) binomial in the denominator, the numerator is a residue of the function defined by the input fraction. We calculate each respective numerator by (1) taking the root of the denominator (i.e. the value of x that makes the denominator zero) and (2) then substituting this root into the ...
ways to do this. Alternatively, we can first give 0 ⩽ i ⩽ n {\displaystyle 0\leqslant i\leqslant n} candies to the oldest child so that we are essentially giving n − i {\displaystyle n-i} candies to k − 1 {\displaystyle k-1} kids and again, with stars and bars and double counting , we have
This article lists mathematical identities, that is, identically true relations holding in mathematics. Bézout's identity (despite its usual name, it is not, properly speaking, an identity) Binet-cauchy identity