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In a typical Roman city, an umbilicus (umbilicus urbis, "city navel") represented the reference point used by the city planners to map out the city spaces, including the pomerium, a sacred city boundary. The place for an umbilicus was supposedly set by examining the sky.
It may be that the Umbilicus Urbis Romae was the external (above ground) part of the subterranean Mundus. The Mundus was ritually opened only three times each year. These days were considered dies nefasti—days on which official transactions were forbidden on religious grounds—because evil spirits of the underworld were thought to escape then.
Umbilicus urbis Romae, the designated centre ("navel") of the city from which, and to which, all distances in Rome and the Roman Empire were measured (probably identical with the Mundus Cereris) Milliarium Aureum After Augustus erected this monument, all roads were considered to begin here and all distances in the Roman Empire were measured ...
Maps are also available as part of the Wikimedia Atlas of the World project in the Atlas of Central America. Subcategories This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total.
Image:Blank US Map with borders.svg, a blank states maps with borders. Image:BlankMap-USA.png, a map with no borders and states separated by transparency. Image:US map - geographic.png, a geographical map. On Wikimedia Commons, a free online media resource: commons:Category:Maps of the United States, the category for all maps with subcategories.
Roman Forum plan with the Milliarium Aureum in red and the Umbilicus Urbis in blue. Remains labeled "Milliarium Aureum" in the Roman Forum. The Milliarium Aureum (Classical Latin: [miːllɪˈaːrɪ.ũː ˈau̯rɛ.ũː]; Italian: Miliario Aureo), or the "Golden Milestone," was a monument, probably of marble or gilded bronze, erected by the Emperor Augustus near the Temple of Saturn in the ...
Umbilicus may refer to: The navel or belly button; Umbilicus (mollusc), a feature of gastropod, Nautilus and Ammonite shell anatomy; Umbilicus, a genus of over ninety species of perennial flowering plants; Umbilicus urbis Romae, the designated center of the city of Rome from which and to which all distances in Rome and the Roman Empire were ...
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