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An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal). It is often difficult to decide if a stop and fricative form a single phoneme or a consonant pair. [1] English has two affricate phonemes, /t͜ʃ/ and /d͜ʒ/, often spelled ch and j, respectively.
voiceless alveolar linguo-pulmonic affricate [ǃ͡χ] voiced alveolar linguo-pulmonic affricate [ǃ͡ʁ] voiceless alveolar lateral linguo-pulmonic affricate [ǁ͡χ] voiced alveolar lateral linguo-pulmonic affricate [ǁ͡ʁ] voiceless retroflex linguo-pulmonic affricate [𝼊͡χ] voiced retroflex linguo-pulmonic affricate [𝼊͡ʁ]
The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association.
Voiced alveolar affricate; Voiced alveolar lateral affricate; Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate; Voiced bilabial affricate; Voiced dental non-sibilant affricate; Voiced epiglottal affricate; Voiced labiodental affricate; Voiced palatal affricate; Voiced palatal lateral affricate; Voiced postalveolar affricate; Voiced retroflex affricate; Voiced ...
The voiced palato-alveolar sibilant affricate, voiced post-alveolar affricate or voiced domed postalveolar sibilant affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The sound is transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet with d͡ʒ (formerly the ligature ʤ ), or in some broad transcriptions ɟ , and the ...
The voiced alveolar sibilant affricate [d͡z] is the most common type, similar to the ds in English lads. The voiced alveolar non-sibilant affricate [dð̠], or [dð͇] using the alveolar diacritic from the Extended IPA, is found, for example, in some dialects of English and Italian. The voiced alveolar retracted sibilant affricate [d͡z̺]
In most dialects, the fortis stops and affricate /p, t, tʃ, k/ have various different allophones, and are distinguished from the lenis stops and affricate /b, d, dʒ, ɡ/ by several phonetic features. [21] The allophones of the fortes /p, t, tʃ, k/ include: aspirated [pʰ, tʰ, kʰ] when they occur in the onset of a stressed syllable, as in ...
The following are the non-pulmonic consonants.They are sounds whose airflow is not dependent on the lungs. These include clicks (found in the Khoisan languages and some neighboring Bantu languages of Africa), implosives (found in languages such as Sindhi, Hausa, Swahili and Vietnamese), and ejectives (found in many Amerindian and Caucasian languages).