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Classical court literature, which had been the focal point of Japanese literature up until this point, gradually disappeared. [ 13 ] [ 11 ] New genres such as renga , or linked verse, and Noh theater developed among the common people, [ 14 ] and setsuwa such as the Nihon Ryoiki were created by Buddhist priests for preaching.
The classical Japanese language (文語, bungo, "literary language"), also called "old writing" (古文, kobun) and sometimes simply called "Medieval Japanese", is the literary form of the Japanese language that was the standard until the early Shōwa period (1926–1989).
In contrast, elite literature, such as kanbun, was written in classical Chinese or classical Japanese and typically focused on traditional aristocratic topics, such as love and nature. [2] The themes and plots of ukiyo-zōshi were opposite of popular literature in older centers in Japan, as those readers mainly consisted of ronin and samurai. [ 1 ]
This new script enabled Japanese authors to write more easily in their own language and led to a variety of vernacular prose literature in the 10th century such as tales and poetic journals . [ 22 ] [ 23 ] [ 24 ] Japanese waka poetry and Japanese prose reached their highest developments around the 10th century, supported by the general revival ...
Hyakunin Isshu (百人一首) is a classical Japanese anthology of one hundred Japanese waka by one hundred poets. Hyakunin isshu can be translated to "one hundred people, one poem [each]"; it can also refer to the card game of uta-garuta , which uses a deck composed of cards based on the Hyakunin Isshu .
The basic ideal that informed aesthetic tastes in this period is known as yūgen (roughly meaning "mystery" or "depth"), along with other concepts such as ushin (有心, literally "possessing heart", the more "weighty" or "serious" poetry, as opposed to games) and yōen (妖艶, literally "ethereal beauty"). [1]
Haibun is no longer confined to Japan, and has established itself as a genre in world literature [6] [7] that has gained momentum in recent years. [8]In the Haiku Society of America 25th anniversary book of its history, A Haiku Path, Elizabeth Lamb noted that the first English-language haibun, titled "Paris," was published in 1964 by Canadian writer Jack Cain. [9]
Edition of the Kokin Wakashū anthology of classic Japanese poetry with wood-carved cover, 18th century. Japanese poetry is poetry typical of Japan, or written, spoken, or chanted in the Japanese language, which includes Old Japanese, Early Middle Japanese, Late Middle Japanese, and Modern Japanese, as well as poetry in Japan which was written in the Chinese language or ryūka from the Okinawa ...