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In the United States, NFPA 1901 requires engines to have suction hose that matches the engine's pump rating. [12] For example, an engine with a 1,000-US-gallon (3,800 L) per minute pump is required to carry 5-inch (13 cm) or larger hose, [1]: 181 while a wildland fire engine will typically carry 2-to-2.5-inch (5.1 to 6.4 cm) hard suction hose.
External access point for fire sprinkler and dry standpipe at a building in San Francisco, US Antique wet standpipe preserved at Edison and Ford Winter Estates. A standpipe or riser is a type of rigid water piping which is built into multi-story buildings in a vertical position, or into bridges in a horizontal position, to which fire hoses can be connected, allowing manual application of water ...
Indoor fire hose with a fire extinguisher. A fire hose (or firehose) is a high-pressure hose that carries water or other fire retardant (such as foam) to a fire to extinguish it. Outdoors, it attaches either to a fire engine, fire hydrant, or a portable fire pump. [1] Indoors, it can permanently attach to a building's standpipe or plumbing system.
Adapter used to attach a smaller diameter source hose to a larger diameter receiving hose. Indian pump (aka Indian tank) A brand of five-gallon water can, or back-pack bladder, featuring a short hose and hand pump for use in wildland firefighting. Intake Part of pump where water enters when pump forms partial vacuum. In-line eductor
1-inch hose with 1-8 NH NFPA threads (NFPA 1963 requirement; a.k.a. "Chemical Hose Thread" and "Booster Hose Thread" [7]; the chemical hose thread term likely originates from its use on chemical fire engines, an early firefighting device used from 1872 until the 1930s that used a combination of bicarbonate of soda and sulfuric acid to force ...
The user (most likely a fire department) attaches a hose to the fire hydrant, then opens a valve on the hydrant to provide a powerful flow of water, on the order of 350 kilopascals (51 psi); this pressure varies according to region and depends on various factors (including the size and location of the attached water main).
The Type 4 engine trades a smaller pump and less hose for a 50% larger tank. It is required to carry a minimum of 750 US gallons (2,800 L; 620 imp gal) of water, but only pump 50 US gallons per minute (3.2 litres per second; 42 imperial gallons per minute) at a pressure of 100 pounds per square inch (690 kPa). [5]
Example Number 1: A tank with a liquid level 2 metres above the pump intake, plus the atmospheric pressure of 10 metres, minus a 2 metre friction loss into the pump (say for pipe & valve loss), minus the NPSH R curve (say 2.5 metres) of the pre-designed pump (see the manufacturers curve) = an NPSH A (available) of 7.5 metres. (not forgetting ...