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The fecal elastase test measures the concentration of the elastase-3B enzyme found in fecal matter with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay . Results of this test can give a good indication of exocrine pancreatic status, and the test is less invasive and expensive than the current "gold standard" , secretin-cholecystokinin test. [ 9 ]
A fecal pH test may be used to determine lactose intolerance or the presence of an infection. [13] Steatorrhea can be diagnosed using a fecal fat test, which checks for the malabsorption of fat. [14] Faecal elastase levels are becoming the mainstay of pancreatitis diagnosis.
Pancreatic elastase is a compact globular protein with a hydrophobic core. This enzyme is formed by three subunits. Each subunit binds one calcium ion ().There are three important metal-binding sites in amino acids 77, 82, 87. [4]
The fecal elastase test is a less cumbersome test that has replaced the 72-hour fecal fat test; in the fecal elastase test, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (enzyme supplementation, the treatment for EPI) does not have to be stopped for or during fecal elastase testing. [25]
In molecular biology, elastase is an enzyme from the class of proteases (peptidases) that break down proteins, [1] specifically one that can break down elastin. In other words, the name only refers to the substrate specificity (i.e. what proteins it can digest), not to any kind of evolutionary grouping.
Fecal elastase is employed to determine the exocrine activity of the pancreas, e.g., in cystic fibrosis or chronic pancreatitis. Serum prostate-specific antigen is used in prostate cancer screening, risk stratification, and post-treatment monitoring.
In medicine, the fecal fat test is a diagnostic test for fat malabsorption conditions, which lead to excess fat in the feces (steatorrhea). Background.
Other tests include the (13)C-mixed triglycerides test and fecal elastase, to detect possible fat maldigestion due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, [14] or various specific tests to detect other causes of malabsorption such as celiac disease. [15]