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Oxygen difluoride was first reported in 1929; it was obtained by the electrolysis of molten potassium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid containing small quantities of water. [7] [8] The modern preparation entails the reaction of fluorine with a dilute aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, with sodium fluoride as a side-product:
Oxygen difluoride. A common preparative method involves fluorination of sodium hydroxide: 2 F 2 + 2 NaOH → OF 2 + 2 NaF + H 2 O. OF 2 is a colorless gas at room temperature and a yellow liquid below 128 K. Oxygen difluoride has an irritating odor and is poisonous. [3] It reacts quantitatively with aqueous haloacids to give free halogens:
Compounds containing oxygen in other oxidation states are very uncommon: − 1 ⁄ 2 (superoxides), − 1 ⁄ 3 , 0 (elemental, hypofluorous acid), + 1 ⁄ 2 , +1 (dioxygen difluoride), and +2 (oxygen difluoride). Oxygen is reactive and will form oxides with all other elements except the noble gases helium, neon, argon and krypton. [1]
Oxygen's highest fluoride is oxygen difluoride, [89] but fluorine can theoretically (as of 2012) oxidize it to a uniquely high oxidation state of +4 in the fluorocation: OF + 3. [90] In addition, several chalcogen fluorides occur which have more than one chalcogen (O 2 F 2, [91] S 2 F 10, [92] etc.).
Dioxygen difluoride is a compound of fluorine and oxygen with the molecular formula O 2 F 2. It can exist as an orange-red colored solid which melts into a red liquid at −163 °C (110 K). It can exist as an orange-red colored solid which melts into a red liquid at −163 °C (110 K).
It is also the only hypohalous acid that can be isolated as a solid. HOF is an intermediate in the oxidation of water by fluorine, which produces hydrogen fluoride, oxygen difluoride, hydrogen peroxide, ozone and oxygen. HOF is explosive at room temperature, forming HF and O 2: [1] 2 HOF → 2 HF + O 2. This reaction is catalyzed by water. [2]
Tetraoxygen difluoride is an inorganic chemical compound of oxygen, belonging to the family of oxygen fluorides. It consists of two O 2 F units bound together with a weak O-O bond, and is the dimer of the O 2 F radical.
The shape of the molecule is a distorted trigonal bipyramid, with the oxygen found on the equator. The atoms on the equator have shorter bond lengths than the fluorine atoms on the axis. In the gas-phase, the sulfur oxygen bond is 1.409Å. A S−F bond on the axis has length 1.596Å and the S−F bond on the equator has length 1.539Å.