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The Jian chawan, a Chinese tea bowl known as Tenmoku chawan in Japan, was the preferred tea bowl for the Japanese tea ceremony until the 16th century. [2] In Japan, tea was also mainly drunk from this Chinese variety of tea bowls until about the 15th century. [3]
Leaf tea, in contrast to powdered tea, was prepared by steeping whole leaves in boiling water - a process that led to the invention of the teapot and subsequent popularity of Yixing wares over the dark tea bowls. [7] While in China the art of Jian ware faded and then died out, in Japan it continued and became the foremost producer of this type ...
Tenmoku (天目, also spelled "temmoku" and "temoku") is a type of glaze that originates in imitating Chinese Jian ware (建盏) of the southern Song dynasty (1127–1279), [1] original examples of which are also called tenmoku in Japan. Jian ware tea bowl shapes are conical in form with a slight indent below the rim.
A gaiwan (simplified Chinese: 盖碗; traditional Chinese: 蓋碗; / ˈ ɡ aɪ w ɑː n /) or zhong (盅) [2] is a Chinese lidded bowl without a handle, used for the infusion of tea leaves and the consumption of tea. [3] It was invented during the Ming dynasty. [3] It consists of a bowl, a lid, and a saucer. [1] [3]
Spotted tenmoku tea bowl (曜変天目茶碗, yōhen tenmoku chawan) [18] One of four extant tea bowls in the yōhen tenmoku style (three are National Treasures); produced in the Jian kilns in Fujian (福建省建窯) in south China Southern Song, 12–13th century
English teaware Chawan (tea bowl) with "hare's fur" pattern, Jian ware from China during the Song dynasty. Teaware is a broad international spectrum of equipment used in the brewing and consumption of tea.