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  2. Autonomic computing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomic_computing

    Autonomy-oriented computation is a paradigm proposed by Jiming Liu in 2001 that uses artificial systems imitating social animals' collective behaviours to solve difficult computational problems. For example, ant colony optimization could be studied in this paradigm.

  3. Distributed computing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_computing

    A computer program that runs within a distributed system is called a distributed program, [7] and distributed programming is the process of writing such programs. [8] There are many different types of implementations for the message passing mechanism, including pure HTTP, RPC-like connectors and message queues .

  4. Single instruction, multiple data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_instruction...

    GCC and clang requires explicit target_clones labels in the code to "clone" functions, [20] while ICC does so automatically (under the command-line option /Qax). The Rust programming language also supports FMV. The setup is similar to GCC and Clang in that the code defines what instruction sets to compile for, but cloning is manually done via ...

  5. Garbage collection (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garbage_collection...

    Many programming languages require garbage collection, either as part of the language specification (e.g., RPL, Java, C#, D, [5] Go, and most scripting languages) or effectively for practical implementation (e.g., formal languages like lambda calculus). [6] These are said to be garbage-collected languages.

  6. Robot Operating System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot_Operating_System

    While seeking funding for further development, [25] Eric Berger and Keenan Wyrobek met Scott Hassan, the founder of Willow Garage, a technology incubator which was working on an autonomous SUV and a solar autonomous boat. Hassan shared Berger and Wyrobek's vision of a "Linux for robotics", and invited them to come and work at Willow Garage.

  7. Computer programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programming

    Computer programming or coding is the composition of sequences of instructions, called programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. [1] [2] It involves designing and implementing algorithms, step-by-step specifications of procedures, by writing code in one or more programming languages.

  8. Turing completeness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_completeness

    In computability theory, a system of data-manipulation rules (such as a model of computation, a computer's instruction set, a programming language, or a cellular automaton) is said to be Turing-complete or computationally universal if it can be used to simulate any Turing machine [1] [2] (devised by English mathematician and computer scientist Alan Turing).

  9. Unit type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_type

    Several computer programming languages provide a unit type to specify the result type of a function with the sole purpose of causing a side effect, and the argument type of a function that does not require arguments. In Haskell, Rust, and Elm, the unit type is called and its only value is also (), reflecting the 0-tuple interpretation.