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Intel i945GC northbridge with Pentium Dual-Core microprocessor. This article provides a list of motherboard chipsets made by Intel, divided into three main categories: those that use the PCI bus for interconnection (the 4xx series), those that connect using specialized "hub links" (the 8xx series), and those that connect using PCI Express (the 9xx series).
CPU sockets are used on the motherboard in desktop and server computers. Because they allow easy swapping of components, they are also used for prototyping new circuits. Laptops typically use surface-mount CPUs, which take up less space on the motherboard than a socketed part.
On February 9, 2016, Intel announced that it would no longer allow such overclocking of non-K processors, and that it had issued a CPU microcode update that removes the function. [ 32 ] [ 33 ] [ 34 ] In April 2016, ASRock started selling motherboards that allow overclocking of unsupported CPUs using an external clock generator.
Multi-core, multithreading, 2-way simultaneous multithreading (PPE), Power Processor Element, Synergistic Processing Elements, Element Interconnect Bus, in-order execution IBM Cyclops64: Multi-core, multithreading, 2 threads per core, in-order IBM zEnterprise zEC12: 2012 15/16/17
Some motherboards using the 945 chipset could be given a BIOS upgrade to support 65nm Core-based processors. Other chipsets have varying levels of CPU support, generally following the release of contemporary CPUs, as LGA 775 CPU support is a complicated mixture of chipset capability, voltage regulator limitations and BIOS support.
The IBM Personal Computer XT was the successor to the original IBM PC, its first home computer. As the specifications were open, many clone motherboards were produced and it became a de facto standard. AT (Advanced Technology) IBM: 1984 305 × 279–330 mm (12 × 11–13 in) Obsolete, see Industry Standard Architecture.
An example of an Intel Upgrade Card. The Intel Upgrade Service was a relatively short-lived and controversial program of Intel that allowed some low-end processors to have additional features unlocked by paying a fee and obtaining an activation code that was then entered in a software program, which ran on Windows 7.
Under the Hub Architecture, a motherboard would have a two piece chipset consisting of a northbridge chip and a southbridge chip. Over time, the speed of CPUs kept increasing but the bandwidth of the front-side bus (FSB) (connection between the CPU and the motherboard) did not, resulting in a performance bottleneck. [2]
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