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The ophthalmic artery branches off into the central retinal artery which travels with the optic nerve until it enters the eye. [8] This central retinal artery provides nutrients to the retina of the eye, more specifically the inner retina and the surface of the optic nerve. [8] Variations, such as branch retinal artery occlusion, can also occur ...
The cherry red spot is seen in central retinal artery occlusion, appearing several hours after the blockage of the retinal artery occurs. [4] The cherry red spot is seen because the macula receives its blood supply from the choroid, supplied by the long and short posterior ciliary arteries , while the surrounding retina is pale due to retinal ...
This is the basis of the famous "Cherry red spot" seen on examination of the retina on funduscopy of a central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). However it should be remembered that the Cilio retinal artery itself is a branch of the Short Posterior Ciliary Arteries which is derived from the Ophthalmic Artery.
Ocular ischemic syndrome is the constellation of ocular signs and symptoms secondary to severe, chronic arterial hypoperfusion to the eye. [1] Amaurosis fugax is a form of acute vision loss caused by reduced blood flow to the eye; it may be a warning sign of an impending stroke, as both stroke and retinal artery occlusion can be caused by thromboembolism due to atherosclerosis elsewhere in the ...
Once the neovascularization has been longstanding, the new vessels recruit fibrous tissue, and as this forms and contracts, the angle can be permanently damaged, and will not respond to treatment. If this occurs, then surgical intervention is required to reduce the pressure (such as a glaucoma drainage implant)
Radiation, solar retinopathy, and retinopathy of prematurity fall under this category. The third common mechanism is occlusion of blood flow. This can be caused by either physically blocking the vessels of the retinal artery branches or causing the arteries to narrow. [2] Again, the result is reduced blood flow to the retina causing tissue damage.
Since the central retinal artery and vein are the sole source of blood supply and drainage for the retina, such occlusion can lead to severe damage to the retina and blindness, due to ischemia (restriction in blood supply) and edema (swelling). [2] CRVO can cause ocular ischemic syndrome. Nonischemic CRVO is the milder form of the disease.
[7] [8] Beyond this region, different segments of the optic nerve are supplied by various networks of arteries and capillaries originating from the ophthalmic artery and the central retinal artery. The Zinn-Haller circle also provides blood to the thin, sieve-like section of the eye's outer layer and the optic nerve fibers within it through ...