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The Cleveland Shale is a shale geologic formation in Ohio in the United States. The Cleveland Shale underlies much of northeast Ohio in beds of varying thickness. In northeast Ohio, the member does not appear east of the Grand River. [7] Measurements taken in northeast Ohio show the Cleveland Shale to be 7 feet (2.1 m) [7] to 100 feet (30 m ...
The shale is about 150 feet (46 m) thick along its central ridge between Lorain and Licking counties. In northern Ohio, the thickness of the Bedford is irregular due to erosion prior to the deposit of the Berea Sandstone, and due to recent glacial and stream erosion.
The sandstone was named "Berea Grit" by Ohio geologist J. S. Newberry in 1874. He named it after Berea, Ohio, for its extensive quarries of the stone. [8] In Michigan, the petroleum industry has referred to the Ellsworth Shale as "Berea", but this formation is distinct from Berea Sandstone and is laterally separated by Antrim Shale. [9]
Sand and gravel, salt, sandstone and conglomerate all have production over one million tons. Shale and clay are also quarried. Ohio produces three billion dollars worth of natural gas and $844 million of oil annually. Coal deposits were first recognized in the 1740s by early settlers and were mapped as early as 1752.
The major ledge is Connoquenessing sandstone of the Middle Pottsville Formation. The Pennsylvanian Pottsville Formation is a mapped bedrock unit in Pennsylvania , western Maryland , West Virginia , Ohio , and Alabama .
Berea proclaims itself "The Grindstone Capital of the World". [18] The town's symbol is a grindstone, a tribute to the many grindstones that came out of its quarries. The quarries also provided sandstone that was extensively used as a construction material, in the form of Berea dimension stone. Huge amounts of it came from Berea, and were used ...