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Python Imaging Library is a free and open-source additional library for the Python programming language that adds support for opening, manipulating, and saving many different image file formats. It is available for Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. The latest version of PIL is 1.1.7, was released in September 2009 and supports Python 1.5.2–2.7. [3]
optimisation of the Huffman coding layer of a JPEG file to increase compression, conversion between progressive and sequential JPEG formats, conversion between Huffman and arithmetic coding in the entropy coding layer. [5] [6] [7] These transformations are each completely lossless and reversible. The transformations on the image data comprise:
Continuously varied JPEG compression (between Q=100 and Q=1) for an abdominal CT scan. JPEG (/ ˈ dʒ eɪ p ɛ ɡ / JAY-peg, short for Joint Photographic Experts Group and sometimes retroactively referred to as JPEG 1) [2] [3] is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography.
The X Window System uses a similar XBM format for black-and-white images, and XPM (pixelmap) for color images. Numerous other uncompressed bitmap file formats are in use, though most not widely. [7] For most purposes, standardized compressed bitmap files such as GIF, PNG, TIFF, and JPEG are used.
Exchangeable image file format (officially Exif, according to JEIDA/JEITA/CIPA specifications) [5] is a standard that specifies formats for images, sound, and ancillary tags used by digital cameras (including smartphones), scanners and other systems handling image and sound files recorded by digital cameras.
Some of the metadata is maintained by the file system, for example last-modification date (and various other dates depending on the file system), location of the beginning of the file, the size of the file and if the file system backup utility has saved the current version of the files. These items cannot usually be altered by a user program.
baseline: Align the bottom of the image with the baseline of the text. sub: Align the bottom of the image to the same level that the bottom of a subscript would be, such as the bottom of the "2" in "X 2 ". super: Align the bottom of the image to the same level that the bottom of a superscript would be, such as the bottom of the "2" in "X 2 ".
The phrase "left alignment" is often used when the left side of text is aligned along a visible or invisible vertical line which may or may not coincide with the left margin. For example, if a paragraph that is flush left were indented from the left, it would no longer be flush left, but it would still be left aligned.