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Date of landing/impact Coordinates Notes Mars 2 lander: USSR: 27 November 1971: First man-made object on Mars. No contact after crash landing. Mars 3 lander: USSR: 2 December 1971: First soft landing on Mars. Transmission began about 90 seconds after landing. [4]
There have been 46 space missions to the planet Venus (including gravity-assist flybys). Missions to Venus constitute part of the exploration of Venus. The Soviet Union, followed by the United States, have soft landed probes on the surface. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching down on 15 December 1970.
Space probes have been establishing and mediating human presence interplanetarily since their first visits to Venus. Mars has seen a continuous presence since 1997, [55] after being first flown by in 1964 and landed on in 1971. A group of missions have been present on Mars since 2001, including continuous presence by a series of rovers since 2003.
While Venus has been studied less than Mars, new explorations are planned. NASA’s planned DAVINCI mission will examine Venus during the 2030s from its clouds down to its surface using both ...
A number of uncrewed spacecraft have landed on the surface of Mars, while some, such as Beagle2 (2003) and the Schiaparelli EDM (2016), have failed what is considered a difficult landing. Among the successes: Mars 3 – 1971; Viking 1 and Viking 2 – 1976; Mars Pathfinder and its Sojourner rover – 1997; Spirit and Opportunity rovers – 2004
Venus imaged in different wavelengths by spacecraft. The planet Venus was first observed in antiquity, and continued with telescopic observations, and then by visiting spacecraft. Spacecraft have performed multiple flybys, orbits, and landings on the planet, including balloon probes that floated in its atmosphere. Study of the planet is aided ...
List of Mars landers S.No Landers Launch date Landing date Mass (kg) [1] Landing site Region Status Country MOLA Entry velocity References 1. Mars 2MV-3 No.1: 04 Nov 1962 25 Nov 1962 890 - - Failure Soviet Union - - [2] 2. Mars 2: 19 May 1971 27 Nov 1971 1210 45°S 47°E ♦ - Failure Soviet Union - - [3] [4] 3. Mars 3: 28 May 1971 02 Dec 1971 ...
Since then, increasingly distant planets have been reached, with probes landing on or impacting the surfaces of Venus in 1966 , Mars in 1971 (Mars 3, although a fully successful landing didn't occur until Viking 1 in 1976), the asteroid Eros in 2001 (NEAR Shoemaker), Saturn's moon Titan in 2004 , the comets Tempel 1 (Deep Impact) in 2005, and ...