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Deuterated solvents are a group of compounds where one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted by deuterium atoms. These isotopologues of common solvents are often used in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy .
Deuterium NMR has a range of chemical shift similar to proton NMR but with poor resolution, due to the smaller magnitude of the magnetic dipole moment of the deuteron relative to the proton. It may be used to verify the effectiveness of deuteration: a deuterated compound will show a strong peak in 2 H NMR but not proton NMR.
The most widely used deuterated solvent is deuterochloroform (CDCl 3), although other solvents may be used for various reasons, such as solubility of a sample, desire to control hydrogen bonding, or melting or boiling points. The chemical shifts of a molecule change slightly between solvents, and therefore the solvent used is almost always ...
Deuterated chloroform is a general purpose NMR solvent, as it is not very chemically reactive and unlikely to exchange its deuterium with its solute, [9] and its low boiling point allows for easy sample recovery. It, however, it is incompatible with strongly basic, nucleophilic, or reducing analytes, including many organometallic compounds.
13 C NMR Spectrum of DMSO-d 6. Pure deuterated DMSO shows no peaks in 1 H NMR spectroscopy and as a result is commonly used as an NMR solvent. [2] However commercially available samples are not 100% pure and a residual DMSO-d 5 1 H NMR signal is observed at 2.50ppm (quintet, J HD =1.9Hz). The 13 C chemical shift of DMSO-d 6 is 39.52ppm (septet ...
Occasionally, small peaks can be seen shouldering the main 1 H NMR peaks. These peaks are not the result of proton-proton coupling, but result from the coupling of 1 H atoms to an adjoining carbon-13 (13 C) atom. These small peaks are known as carbon satellites as they are small and appear around the main 1 H peak i.e. satellite (around) to
Usually, only a small sample is dissolved in an appropriate solvent. [2] For 1 H NMR experiments, this will usually be a deuterated solvent such as CDCl 3. Sufficient solvent should be used in order to fill the tube by 4–5 cm (depending on the spectrometer). Protein NMR is usually performed in a 90% H 2 O (or buffer)/10% D 2 O mixture.
In a typical HSQC spectrum, the NH 2 peaks from the sidechains of asparagine and glutamine appear as doublets on the top right corner, and a smaller peak may appear on top of each peak due to deuterium exchange from the D 2 O normally added to an NMR sample, giving these sidechain peaks a distinctive appearance. The sidechain amine peaks from ...