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The family's taxonomy is unsettled; the Clements taxonomy lists 235 species [2] and BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World lists 254 [3]. This list is presented according to the IOC taxonomic sequence and can also be sorted alphabetically by common name and binomial.
The great spotted woodpecker spends much of its time climbing trees, and has adaptations to this lifestyle, many of which are shared by other woodpecker species. These include the zygodactyl arrangement of the foot, with two toes facing forward and two back, [21] and the stiff tail feathers that are used as a prop against the trunk.
The largest surviving species is the great slaty woodpecker, which weighs 430 g (15 oz) on average and up to 563 g (19.9 oz), and measures 45 to 55 cm (18 to 22 in), but the extinct imperial woodpecker, at 55 to 61 cm (22 to 24 in), and ivory-billed woodpecker, around 48 to 53 cm (19 to 21 in) and 516 g (18.2 oz), were probably both larger.
Bird species admitted to the British List are those in BOU categories A, B or C: A: species that have been recorded in an apparently natural state at least once since 1 January 1950. B: species that were recorded in an apparently natural state at least once between 1 January 1800 and 31 December 1949, but have not been recorded subsequently.
The genus name is the Latin word for a woodpecker. Picus was a figure in Roman mythology, the first king of Latium who was changed into a woodpecker by the sorceress Circe. [3] Of the 13 species in the genus listed by Linnaeus, the English naturalist William Swainson designated the European green woodpecker (Picus viridis) as the type species. [4]
[24] [25] The species has been the subject of postage stamps from several countries. [26] The European green woodpecker is associated with Woodpecker Cider, an image of the bird is used on the merchandise. [27] The woodpecker was the totem of the Italic tribe of the Picentes, [28] and features of the coat of arms and flag of the Italian region ...
The black woodpecker is noticeably absent from the British Isles. Approximately 80 sightings of the species in the UK have been reported, but some of these are disputed, though the proximity of the British Isles to the species' range in Western Europe means that the species may cross over on a regular basis. [12]
This is a list of the bird species recorded in England.The avifauna of England include a total of 625 species, of which 14 have been introduced by humans.. This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of British Ornithologists' Union (BOU).