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Commission Regulation (EU) No 130-2012 of 15 February 2012 concerning type-approval requirements for motor vehicles with regard to vehicle access and manoeuvrability and implementing Regulation (EC) No 661-2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning type-approval requirements for the general safety of motor vehicles, their trailers and systems, components and separate ...
Motor vehicle type approval is the method by which motor vehicles, vehicle trailers and systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles achieve type approval in the European Union (EU) or in other UN-ECE member states. There is no EU approval body: authorized approval bodies of member states are responsible for type ...
Type approval or certificate of conformity is granted to a product that meets a minimum set of regulatory, technical and safety requirements. Generally, type approval is required before a product is allowed to be sold in a particular country, so the requirements for a given product will vary around the world.
The Urban Driving Cycle ECE-15 (or just UDC) was introduced first in 1970 as part of ECE vehicle regulations; the recent version is defined by ECE R83, R84 and R101. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 6 ] The cycle has been designed to represent typical driving conditions of busy European cities, and is characterized by low engine load, low exhaust gas temperature ...
R100 — approval of battery electric vehicles with regard to specific requirements for the construction, Functional Safety and hydrogen emission. [12] R101 — measurement of the emission of carbon dioxide and fuel consumption; R117 — approval limits for pass-by noise, wet grip, and rolling resistance. These values are also used on the tyre ...
Emission standards are the legal requirements governing air pollutants released into the atmosphere.Emission standards set quantitative limits on the permissible amount of specific air pollutants that may be released from specific sources over specific timeframes.
UN ECE regulation 131 requires a system which can automatically detect a potential forward collision and activate the vehicle braking system to decelerate a vehicle with the purpose of avoiding or mitigating a collision. [1] UN ECE regulation 152 says deceleration has to be at least 5 metres per second squared. [2]
An ideal electrolysis unit operating at a temperature of 25 °C having liquid water as the input and gaseous hydrogen and gaseous oxygen as products would require a theoretical minimum input of electrical energy of 237.129 kJ (0.06587 kWh) per gram mol (18.0154 gram) of water consumed and would require 48.701 kJ (0.01353 kWh) per gram mol of ...