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Rhumb line, a navigational path with a constant bearing one of the 16 or 32 points of the compass (now rare) a nautical unit of angular measure equal to 1 ⁄ 32 of a circle or 11 + 1 ⁄ 4 ° (now rare)
Great-circle navigation or orthodromic navigation (related to orthodromic course; from Ancient Greek ορθός (orthós) 'right angle' and δρόμος (drómos) 'path') is the practice of navigating a vessel (a ship or aircraft) along a great circle. Such routes yield the shortest distance between two points on the globe. [1]
For a path of radius r, when an angle θ is swept out, the distance traveled on the periphery of the orbit is s = rθ. Therefore, the speed of travel around the orbit is v = r d θ d t = r ω , {\displaystyle v=r{\frac {d\theta }{dt}}=r\omega ,} where the angular rate of rotation is ω .
A diagram illustrating great-circle distance (drawn in red) between two points on a sphere, P and Q. Two antipodal points, u and v are also shown.. The great-circle distance, orthodromic distance, or spherical distance is the distance between two points on a sphere, measured along the great-circle arc between them.
A satellite ground track may be thought of as a path along the Earth's surface that traces the movement of an imaginary line between the satellite and the center of the Earth. In other words, the ground track is the set of points at which the satellite will pass directly overhead, or cross the zenith, in the frame of reference of a ground observer.
Sun path, sometimes also called day arc, refers to the daily (sunrise to sunset) and seasonal arc-like path that the Sun appears to follow across the sky as the Earth rotates and orbits the Sun. The Sun's path affects the length of daytime experienced and amount of daylight received along a certain latitude during a given season.
Routing is the process of selecting a path for traffic in a network or between or across multiple networks. Broadly, routing is performed in many types of networks, including circuit-switched networks, such as the public switched telephone network (PSTN), and computer networks, such as the Internet.
Other techniques included sampling mud from the seafloor (China), [11] analyzing the flight path of birds, and observing wind, sea debris, and sea state (Polynesia and elsewhere). [12] Objects that have been understood as having been used for navigation by measuring the angles between celestial objects were discovered in the Indus Valley site ...