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The Proteus penneri group of bacteria was named in 1982. It reclassified a group of strains formerly known as Proteus vulgaris biogroup 1. [6] In 1978, Brenner et al. showed through DNA hybridization studies that P. vulgaris was a heterogenous species. [7]
Three species—P. vulgaris, P. mirabilis, and P. penneri—are opportunistic human pathogens. Proteus includes pathogens responsible for many human urinary tract infections. [3] P. mirabilis causes wound and urinary tract infections. Most strains of P. mirabilis are sensitive to ampicillin and cephalosporins.
List of strains of Escherichia coli; ... Proteus hauseri; Proteus mirabilis; Proteus penneri; Protochlamydia naegleriophila;
Proteus vulgaris is a rod-shaped, nitrate-reducing, indole-positive and catalase-positive, hydrogen sulfide-producing, Gram-negative bacterium that inhabits the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. It can be found in soil, water, and fecal matter.
[1] [2] When, however, two different strains of Proteus are inoculated, the spreading films of growth fail to coalesce and remain separated by a narrow easily visible area. [2] The observation of this appearance, the Dienes phenomenon has been used to determine the identity or non-identity of strains in epidemiological studies. [2] [3]
Salmonella. Salmonella enteritidis; Salmonella typhi; Salmonella typhimurium; Serratia marcescens; Shigella dysenteriae; Spirillum volutans; Staphylococcus
P. hauseri shares a similar biochemical profile with Proteus vulgaris but can be differentiated by its ability to produce acid from trehalose. Most strains of P. hauseri demonstrate swarming motility, often covering the entire plate onto which it is inoculated.
Weil-Felix test is based on cross-reactions which occur between antibodies produced in acute rickettsial infections with antigens of OX (OX 19, OX 2, and OXK) strains of Proteus species. Dilution of patient’s serum are tested against suspensions of the different Proteus strains. William James Wilson (1879-1954) had noticed a similar cross ...