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Perissodactyla (/ pəˌrɪsoʊˈdæktɪlə /, from Ancient Greek περισσός, perissós 'odd' and δάκτυλος, dáktylos 'finger, toe' [3]) is an order of ungulates. The order includes about 17 living species divided into three families: Equidae (horses, asses, and zebras), Rhinocerotidae (rhinoceroses), and Tapiridae (tapirs).
List of perissodactyls. Three perissodactyl species (clockwise from left): plains zebra (Equus quagga), Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) and South American tapir (Tapirus terrestris) Perissodactyla is an order of placental mammals composed of odd-toed ungulates – hooved animals which bear weight on one or three of their five toes with ...
Pan-Perissodactyla[2] (alternative spelling) Panperissodactyla ("all perissodactyls", alternatively spelled Pan-Perissodactyla[2]) is a clade of ungulates containing living order Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) and all extinct ungulates more closely related to Perissodactyla than to Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates). [1]
Equinae. Equidae (sometimes known as the horse family) is the taxonomic family of horses and related animals, including the extant horses, asses, and zebras, and many other species known only from fossils. The family evolved around 50 million years ago from a small, multi-toed ungulate into larger, single-toed animals.
Brontotheriidae. Brontotheriidae is a family of extinct mammals belonging to the order Perissodactyla, the order that includes horses, rhinoceroses, and tapirs. Superficially, they looked rather like rhinos with some developing bony nose horns, and were some of the earliest mammals to have evolved large body sizes of several tonnes.
The four species are all classified on the IUCN Red List as Endangered or Vulnerable. The tapirs have a number of extinct relatives in the superfamily Tapiroidea . The closest extant relatives of the tapirs are the other odd-toed ungulates , which include horses , wild asses , zebras and rhinoceroses .
Chalicotheriidae. Chalicotheriidae (from Greek chalix, "gravel" and therion, "beast") is an extinct family of herbivorous, odd-toed ungulate (perissodactyl) mammals that lived in North America, Eurasia, and Africa from the Middle Eocene to the Early Pleistocene. They are often called chalicotheres, a term which is also applied to the broader ...
Artiodactyls, like impalas and giraffes, live in groups. The social behavior of even-toed ungulates varies from species to species. Generally, there is a tendency to merge into larger groups, but some live alone or in pairs. Species living in groups often have a hierarchy, both among males and females.