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The depth of an impact crater in a solid planet or moon may be measured from the local surface to the bottom of the crater, or from the rim of the crater to the bottom. Crater depth diagram. The diagram above shows the full (side) view of a typical crater. Depth "A" measures from the surface to the bottom of the crater.
A central-peak crater is the most basic form of complex crater. A central-peak crater can have a tightly spaced, ring-like arrangement of peaks, thus be a peak ring crater, though the peak is often single. [3] Central-peak craters can occur in impact craters via meteorites. An Earthly example is Mistastin crater, in Canada. [1]
Valhalla Basin on Jupiter's moon Callisto, taken by Voyager 1. A multi-ringed basin (also a multi-ring impact basin) is not a simple bowl-shaped crater, or a peak ring crater, but one containing multiple concentric topographic rings; [1] a multi-ringed basin could be described as a massive impact crater, surrounded by circular chains of mountains [2] resembling rings on a bull's-eye.
The table below is arranged by the continent's percentage of the Earth's land area, and where Asian and Russian structures are grouped together per EID convention. The global distribution of known impact structures apparently shows a surprising asymmetry, [ 37 ] with the small but well-funded European continent having a large percentage of ...
In planetary geology, a pedestal crater is a crater with its ejecta sitting above the surrounding terrain and thereby forming a raised platform (like a pedestal).They form when an impact crater ejects material which forms an erosion-resistant layer, thus causing the immediate area to erode more slowly than the rest of the region.
Crater rim of Meteor Crater, Arizona The rim or edge of an impact crater is the part that extends above the height of the local surface, usually in a circular or elliptical pattern. In a more specific sense, the rim may refer to the circular or elliptical edge that represents the uppermost tip of this raised portion.
Crater Lake in Oregon, USA. Lakes in calderas fill large craters formed by the collapse of a volcano during an eruption. Examples: Crater Lake, Oregon, United States; Heaven Lake, China/North Korea; Lake Toba, Sumatra, Indonesia; Soda Lakes in Nevada, USA. Lakes in maars fill small craters where an eruption deposited debris around a vent. Examples:
The north face of Mount Garibaldi rises above The Table and Garibaldi Lake in the Garibaldi Lake volcanic field. A volcanic field is an area of Earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. The type and number of volcanoes required to be called a "field" is not well-defined. [1]