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Construction cost management is a fee-based service in which the construction manager (CM) is responsible exclusively to the owner, acting in the owner's interests at every stage of the project. The construction manager offers impartial advice on matters such as: Optimum use of available funds; Control of the scope of the work; Project scheduling
The categorisation of the past into discrete, quantified named blocks of time is called periodization. [1] This is a list of such named time periods as defined in various fields of study. These can be divided broadly into prehistorical periods and historical periods (when written records began to be kept).
The study of the entire impact of a building on its environment has become a de facto requirement for construction in most jurisdictions, [2] owing to the resource-intensive nature of construction. Life cycle analysis considers various aspects of resource utilization in a building, for example, overall energy conservation .
Verification is intended to check that a product, service, or system meets a set of design specifications. [6] [7] In the development phase, verification procedures involve performing special tests to model or simulate a portion, or the entirety, of a product, service, or system, then performing a review or analysis of the modeling results.
Constructability (or buildability) is a concept that denotes ease of construction. It can be central to project management techniques to review construction processes from start to finish during pre-construction phase.
For most of the 19th and 20th centuries, the common project delivery process was sequential design–bid–build, with a time period between the completion of one phase and the start of the next one. An architect and/or engineer completed a design, made detailed construction drawings, wrote specifications and invited multiple contractors to ...
The model was first studied in 1976 and studies through the 1990s showed that adopting such a model could generate 10% savings on project time and 7% on cost. [6] The wider adoption of ECI was a recommendation of the 1994 Latham Report into systemic failings in the British construction industry; the practice became increasing popular during the early 2000s.
This is in contrast to traditional prescribed building codes, which mandate specific construction practises, such as stud size and distance between studs in wooden frame construction. [1] Such an approach provides the freedom to develop tools and methods to evaluate the entire life cycle of the building process, from the business dealings, to ...